1.

6 Measuring Tools
Measuring length
Definition of Length

Length is the distance

between two points

Forms of length :
thickness, height,
depth and breadth

Units of Length

Long distance km
Short distance cm ,mm
S.I. unit length m

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for
measuring length

Uses

1. Metre rule

accuracy

to measure the length of 0.1 cm

short straight lines
2. Measuring to measure the length of
tape
long straight lines

3. Thread
and metre
rule

<figure textbook p6 26>

to measure the length of

a curved line

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for
measuring length

Uses

4. External
calipers

to measure the external

diameter of a sphere or
cylindrical object

5. Internal
calipers

to measure the internal

diameter of a cylindrical
object

accuracy

1. Tools to measure length

Tools for
measuring length

Uses

accuracy

6. opisometer to measure the length of 0.1cm

a curved line
7. Vernier
Very short lengths
0.01 cm
calipers

8.

2. Measuring area
Area is a two-dimensional ..
S.I unit for area
Unit of area cm2, m2, km2
1.Method 1 estimating by graph

i- triangle is regular shape

Figure page 28

Number of squares counted=

Area of each square=
Estimated area of the shape=

ii- bubble is irregular shape

Figure page 28

Number of squares counted=

Area of each square=
Estimated area of the shape=

The method is as follows:

Trace the shapes onto the graph paper with a pencil.

Count the number of complete squares covered by the
shape.

An incomplete square is counted if half or more of the

square is covered.

Do not count an incomplete square if less than half of the

square is covered.

2. Measuring area
Method 2 estimating area by formula for regular
shape only
Figure page 28

Area of triangle= x b x h
=x6x4
= 12 cm 2

2. Measuring area
Figure bulatan
dengan jejari 2 cm

Area of circle= = r2
= x 2 cm x 2 cm
= 12.6 cm2

Figure trapezium

Area of trapezium= = (a +
b) x h

3. Measuring volume

Volume is three-dimensional space

occupied by an object
Unit for volume mm3,cm3, m3

volume of a liquid usually in litres (l) or

millilitres (ml). 1 l = 1000 ml

S.l. unit volume is cubic metre (m3).

3. Measuring volume of liquid

Tools for
measuring volume

Uses

accuracy

1. Measuring to measure the volume

cylinder
of liquids
2. Burette

to measure a small
volume of liquids
accurately

0.1 cm3

3. Measuring volume of liquid

Tools for measuring
volume of liquid

3. Pipette

4. Suction
pump

Uses

accuracy

to measure a fixed
0.1 cm3
volume of liquids
accurately
Use a suction pump to
suck liquid into a
pipette.

Do not use mouth.

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 1 - volume of small irregular objects
can be determined by the displacement method
using a measuring cylinder

3. Measuring volume of solid

Water displacement method using measuring cylinder

1.The volume of the stone = __________ cm3

2.The volume of 2 corks = __________ cm3
3.The volume of 1 cork = __________ cm3

More example

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 2- volume of larger irregular
objects can be measured using a large
displacement can or Eureka can

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.Fill the displacement can with water. Let the excess
water drain away until it settles at the spout
2.Place an empty measuring cylinder below the spout to
capture the water displaced by the volume of the object
lowered into the can. Read the volume of water in the
measuring cylinder.

3. Measuring volume of solid

1.METHOD 3 - volume of some objects with
regular shape can be calculated using the
formulae
Shape
Formula for volume
1. Cuboid
V= l x b x h

3. Measuring volume of solid

Shape
2. Cylinder

Formula for volume

V = r2h

3. Sphere
V = 4/3 r3

3. Measuring volume
Shape

Formula for volume

4. Cone
V = 1/3 r2h