CONTROL OF TOXIC

EMISSIONS IN IC ENGINES
BY NANO MATERIALS

Guided By :
AJESH SOMAN
ASST.PROFESSOR
Dept. of ME
MCET

Presented By :
DEEPU.D
S7 ME
Roll No : 4216
MCET

CONTENTS
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CATALYSIS
APPLICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CONVERTER
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Durairajan A et.al. conducted an Experimental
investigation and control the toxic emissions in IC
engines by nano materials
Investigational Study and Manage the Poisonous
Emissions in IC Engines by Nano Materials by
N.Kanthavelkumaran et.al.
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INTRODUCTION
All transport vehicles; both SI (Spark ignition) and CI
(Compression ignition) are equally responsible for
emitting different kind of pollutants
Some of the primary kinds having direct hazardous
effects such as carbon-monoxide, hydrocarbons,
nitrogen oxides, etc
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 Carbon-dioxide is not considered as pollutant.

If carbon-dioxide exceeds 5000ppm, then it

becomes a health hazard.
Using nano catalytic converter, pollution is
controlled by means of catalytic reaction
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METHODOLOGY
1. Laser ablation
2. Arc discharge
3. Plasma enhanced CVD
4.Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
CVD method is used to synthesis the Nano
palladium & Nano rhodium
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CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION

(CVD)

Figure 1
Schematic representation of CVD

 Easy method
Gas phase deposition
Large scale possible
Relatively cheap

CATALYTIC CONVERTOR

Reduce the toxicity of emissions from an

internal combustion engine.
Converts

the

harmful

toxic

combustion

products and its byproducts into less-toxic

substances.
Catalysis
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 Effective after treatment process for reducing

engine emission
Catalytic converter is generally called as three
way catalytic converter
Honeycomb structure
Catalytic converter uses alumina
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TYPES OF CONVERTORS
Monolythic Convertor
Two way Convertor
Three way Convertor
Dual bed Convertor
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
CATALYSIS
The following is a typical reaction, where C represents
the catalyst, X and Y are reactants, and Z is the product
of the reaction of X and Y.

X + C XC

Y + XC XYC

XYC CZ

CZ C + Z
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DISPERSION

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PROCESSES

Capillary Impregnation
Drying
Calcinations
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APPLICATIONS
Petrol engine emission control
Diesel engine emission control

Food processing industries

Chemical manufacturing industries
Gas turbines
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RESULTS
NOx Reduction

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 The NOx value decreasing and reaches the

minimum value on using nano catalytic
converter.
Catalytic reaction with Nano palladium
No load condition 33.33% decrease in NOx value
At peak load condition about 54.3 % NOx value.
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 HC Reduction

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 The HC value decreases to minimum value on using

Nano catalytic converter.
Catalytic reaction with nano rhodium
At no load condition about 72.1% decrease in HC value
At peak load condition about 68.8 % decrease in HC
value.
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 CO Reduction

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 The CO value decreases and reaches the minimum

value on Nano catalytic converter.

Catalytic reaction with nano rhodium

At no load condition there is about 60% decrease in
CO value At peak load condition there is about 40 %
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CONCLUSION
Nano palladium and nano rhodium particles (90-100 nm) were
synthesized and characterized byusing chemical vapor
deposition method.
The nano catalytic converter efficiently decreases the
emission of NOx, HC and CO components.
Only one factor disqualify nano catalytic covertor is the cost

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REFERENCES
N.Kanthavelkumaran, P.Seenikannan, C.Bibin, Investigational Study and Manage

the Poisonous Emissions in IC Engines by Nano Materials, Life Science Jounal

2013,pp.102-107
Durairajan A, Kavitha T, Rajendran A, Experimental investigation and control the
toxic emissions in IC engines by nano materials,Discovery Science,volume
1,number1,July 2012
M. Mansha, A.H. Qureshi, I.A. Chaudry, E.M. Shahid, THREE WAY
CATALYTIC SIMULATION OF ENGINE-OUT EXHAUST EMISSION, Journal
of Quality and Technology Management Volume IX, Issue I, June 2013, Page 57
68

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THANK YOU
Questions ???

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