RECENT ADVANCES IN

EXTRACTION OF
NUTRACEUTICALS FROM PLANTS
PRESENTED BY : GAURAV AGRAWAL

P.I.E.T NAGPUR

NUTRACEUTICALS
Nutraceuticals are type of food supplement.
It has medical benefit, including prevention and

treatment of chronic diseases.

Nutraceuticals are ranging from isolated
neutrients,dietary supplements,herbal products and
processed food products.
They are extracted from plant ,food and microbial
resources
Beta carotene and lycopene are examples of
nutraceuticals.

METHODS OF EXTRACTION
Conventional

Advanced

Soxhlet extraction.

Sonication-assisted

Hydrostillation.
Maceration

extraction.
Microwave-assisted
extraction.
Supercritical fluid
extraction.
Accelerated solvent
extraction.

Soxhlet Extraction

PRACTICAL ISSUES WITH SOXHLET

Solvent choice.
More time required for extraction for large paticles

size.
The extraction and evoporation temperature have
significant effect on final product

Advantages

Disadvantages

The displacement of transfer

The extraction time is long.

equilibrium by repeatedly
bringing fresh solvent into
contact with the solid.
No filtration requirement
after leaching.
It is simple method.

A large amount of solvent is

used.
Agitation can not be
provided.
Evoporation process is
required.
There is possibility of thermal
decomposition of target
compounds.

SONICATION ASSISTED EXTRACTION

MECHANISM OF PROCESS

CHARCTERSTICS OF ULTRASOUND
Ultrasound frequency has great effects on extraction

yield and kinetics.

Additional agitation or shaking is usually used.
It can also used for thermolaible compounds.
Sonication time should be optimize.
Extraction temperature should be control.

Advantages

Disadvantages

Ultrasound-assisted

Kinrtics and yield depends on

extraction is an inexpensive,
simple and efficient
alternative to conventional
extraction techniques.
Its apparatu is cheaper and its
operation is easier.
It canbe used for any solvent.
Kinetics and yield are
increased.

type of plant matrix.

The presence of a dispersed
phase contributes to the
ultrasound wave attenuation.

MICROWAVE ASSISTED
EXTRACTION

MECHANISM OF PROCESS
Microwaves are electromagnetic radiations with a

frequency from 0.3 to 300 GHz.

Microwaves are transmitted as waves,works on concept
of penetration.
Cell disruption is promoted by internal superheating.
The migration of dissolved ions increased solvent
penetration into the matrix and thus facilitated the
release of the chemicals.

CHARACTERSTICS
MAE depends on the dielectric susceptibility of solvent

and matrix.
The microwave heating leads to the expansion and
rupture of cell walls and is followed by the liberation of
chemicals into the solvent.
Plant particle size and size distribution usually have a
significant influence on the efficiency of MAE.
A lower ratio of solvent volume to solid matrix mass
should be maintained.
Temperature should be optimized.

Advantages

Disadvantages

reduced extraction time .

Filtiration is needed.

reduced solvent usage .

It has poor efficiency in case

improved extraction yield.

of no
npolar and volatile
targetcompounds.
It gives loe results for dry
plant matrix.

SUPER CRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION

MECHANISM OF PROCESS

CHARACTERSTICS
Supercritical fluid should be care fully choosed.
Low moisture content are peferable.
Small size particles gives good efficiency.

The temperature and density of the fluid control the

solubility.

Advantages
SFE offers unusual

possibilities for selective

extractions and
fractionations.
The dissolved nutraceutical
compounds can be
recoveredfrom the fluid by
the reduction of the density
of the supercritical fluid.
Its diffusivity is twice than
other methods.

Its operating cost is very high.

SCOPE FOR FURTHER STUDIES

More attention is requried in thermodynamic studies.
Modeling of novel extraction processes can provide a

better understanding of the extraction mechanisms.

CONCLUSION
Novel techniques saves time , solvent,
It increases kinetics and yield.
It can over take conventional methods in industrial

application.
However lot of work need to be done in this path.

REFERENCES

Albu, S., Joyce, E., Paniwnyk, L., Lorimer, J. P., & Mason, T. J. (2004).Potential for the use of ultrasound in the
extraction ofantioxidants from Rosmarinus officinalis for the food andpharmaceutical industry. Ultrasonics
Sonochemistry, 11, 261265.Al-Harahsheh, M., & Kingman, S. W. (2004). Microwave-assisted.

Barriada-Pereira, M., Concha-Grana, E., Gonzalez-Castro, M. J., Muniategui-Lorenzo, S., Lopez-Mahia, P., PradaRodriguez, D., et al. (2003). Microwave-assisted extraction versus soxhlet extraction in the analysis of 21
organochlorine pesticides in plants. Journal of Chromatography A, 1008, 115122.

Hui, L., Etsuzo, O., & Masao, I. (1994). Effects of ultrasound on the extraction of saponin from ginseng. Japanese
Journal of Applied Physics, 33(5B), 30853087

Dean, J. R., Liu, B., & Price, R. (1998). Extraction of magnolol from Magnolia officinalis using supercritical fluid
extraction and phytosol solvent extraction. Phytochemical Analysis, 9, 248

Lang, Q., & Wai, C. M. (2001). Supercritical fluid extraction in herbal and natural product studiesA practical review.
Talanta,

Guo, Z., Jin, Q., Fan, G., Duan, Y., Qin, C., & Wen, M. (2001). Microwave-assisted extraction of effective constituents
from a Chinese herbal medicine Radix puerariae. Analytica Chimica

Thank you