RELAY

Chapter 1:
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5

The principle of a relay

Structure
Coil and Contact
Action and returning of relay
How to read terminal arrangement chart

Chapter 2:
2-1
2-2

What is a relay?

Functions of relay

Functions
Types of relay

RELAY
CHAPTER 1: What is a relay?

ELECTRONICS device that regulates another: an electronic or

electromechanical switching device, typically operated by a low voltage,
that controls a higher-voltage circuit and turns it on or off

1-1.

PRINCIPLE OF RELAY

In front of coil (iron core) there is

an iron, and under that iron there
is a contact

When the switch is on, the iron

pulled the coil and simultaneously
turns on the contact.

switch
force

relay
electromagnet

1-2.

STRUCTURE OF RELAY
Return-spring

Coil with iron core

When the coil loses the

voltage, it returns back the
contact of the relay to its
former position.

Iron piece

Moving contact

Fixed contact b

Fixed contact a

Coil terminal

Contact terminal

For putting voltage

into coil

This is c contact leading

the load.

1-3.

COIL AND CONTACT

The structure of the relay is divided into coil part and contact part.
Coil side

Contact side

It pulls up iron
piece by
electric
magnet force.

It open/close the
circuit by fixed and
moving contact. Also,
it open and close the
load that was
connected to them.

relay
switch

The coil side and contact side are

independent so that the current, which
goes to coil side, doesnt flow in the
contact side directly. This situation is
called electric insulation.

motor

power

power
insulation

1-4.

ACTION AND RETURNING

The contact of relay turns on when the coil gets voltage. This condition is called action. On
the other hand, without voltage, the contact turns off. This condition is called returning.

Action
With voltage, the iron piece pull up to
the coil side, so moving contact move
from fixed contact B to fixed contact A.

Returning
Without voltage, the iron piece returns to
original position because of returning spring
force. The moving contact move from fixed
contacts A to fixed contact B.

- To turn on the lamp when the relay works, contact terminal (COM terminal and NO
terminal) needs to be connected to the lamp.

action

returning

1.5

=How to read terminal arrangement chart=

It is printed on the relay itself. It shows contacts and terminal
connection of the coil by simple signals and numbers.

12 is COM terminal,
8 is NO terminal, and
4 is NC terminal.

13

14

13 in Negative terminal, and

14 is positive terminal for applying voltage
to the coil

Chapter 1 Summary
1.What is a relay?
*It is one of three factors of automation; control.
*It receives the signal and sends it to next tools.

2.The relays working principle and structure.

*The electromagnet opens and closes the contact.
*It has coil and contact side and is insulated electrically.

3.The relay action and returning.

*Action With voltage, the iron piece pulled to the coil side,
so moving contacts move from fixed contact B to fixed contact A.
*Returning Without voltage, the iron piece returns to
original position because of the force of the returning spring.
The moving contact move from fixed contacts A to fixed contact B.

Chapter 2: FUNCTIONS OF RELAY

2-1.

FUNCTIONS OF RELAY

To do various outputs with one input signal.

With 4 switches

It is very hard to push 4 switches at the

same time.

4 switches in series

As the current that flows to 4 lamps is

collected in one contact, big load will
pass through the switch.

Use a relay that has 4 contacts to turn ON the lamps at the same time.

It can control ( open/close ) many separate circuits at once with one

signal to coil side.

To operate big load at a distance

switch

motor

relay
switch

motor

2-2.

TYPES OF RELAY

1.

GENERAL RELAY

- Mainly for controlling board.

- Might be used for internal of tools.
MY

2.

RELAY FOR PCB

- Small size.
2 different usages,
one is for power load open and close
and the other is for electronic circuit.

G6H

3.

SOLID STATE RELAY

- Non-contact relay consists by semiconductor.

G3PA

4. CONTACTOR

- Big size.
- Can be used for opening and closing of big loads.

LC1D

Chapter 2 Summary
1.The relays main functions
1.1
1.2
1.3

To do various outputs with one input signal

To open and close of big load with small current
To control complicated movement of machine

2. Kinds of relay
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4

General relay
Relay for printed circuit board
Solid-state relay
Contactor

Connect the following components to light the bulb

<switch>

<relay>
coil part

<power>

<power>
contact part

<lamp>

Connect the following components to light the bulb

<switch>

<relay>
coil part

<power>

<power>
contact part

<lamp>