ZTE University
Content
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Algorithm
HSDPA Solution
Competition to operator
2.5G
GPRS: 9.05 -171.2kbit/s,
Service deployment is bad
CDMA2000 1x: 153.6kbit/s,
Service deployment is good
3G
CDMA 1x EV-DO: 2.4Mbit/s
WCDMA R99/R4: 2Mbit/s
R99
Introduce HSDPA
to WCDMA
HSDPA is smoothly evolved from WCDMA R99 without any big effect to the
existing R99 network
WCDMA R99/R4
14.4
64
(117.7kbps per user, SF=16, R=3/4,
16QAM)
HSDPA
CDMA2000 1x EVDO
2.4
59
(only tens of kbps, 200kbps when 8
users is configured)
Content
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Algorithm
HSDPA Solution
RLC
RLC
UTRAN
MAC
MAC-d
MAC
(add
MAC-hs)
HS-DSCH
DSCH
FP
HS-DSCH
DSCH
FP
FP
L2
L2
L1
L1
MAC-hs
PHY
PHY
(add 3
channels)
PHY
PHY
(add
process)
Uu
Iub/ Iur
UTRAN
UE
HS-SCCH
HS-DPCCH
DL DTCH
R99 channel
HSDPA channel
HS-PDSCH is the bearer of HS-DSCH, transfer HSDPA user data (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3
slots, spread factor is fixed to 16, multiple users & multiple codes, modulation method:
QPSK and 16QAM
HS-SCCH bears information of HS-DSCH such as UE specialized mask code, modulation
and coding policy, etc. (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 128
HS-DPCCH bears feedback information of HS-PDSCH such as Channel Quality Indication
(CQI), H-ARQ confirm information ACK/NACK, etc. (uplink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor
is fixed to 256
Data Packet
Node B
(AMC and HARQ)
RNC
Standard
AMC
Remark
R99/R4
HSDPA
Node B
Codes adjusting
Good channel state: more codes
Bad channel state: fewer codes
Standard
SF
Modulation
Coding rate
R99/R4
384
QPSK
1/3
HSDPA
720
16
16QAM
3/4
HSDPA, the service bearing ability of one channel is further larger than
R99/R4 by using more efficient modulation and coding rate, while SF is
twice as R99/R4
Data rate
(1 code)
Data rate
(5 codes)
Data rate
(15 codes)
QPSK 1/4
120kbps
600kbps
1.8Mbps
QPSK 1/2
240kbps
1.2Mbps
3.6Mbps
QPSK 3/4
360kbps
1.8Mbps
5.4Mbps
16QAM 1/2
480kbps
2.4Mbps
7.2Mbps
16QAM 3/4
720kbps
3.6Mbps
10.8Mbps
HSDPA can provide data rate per user up to 10.8Mbps (16QAM, 3/4) by
AMC and multiple codes technology
HARQ
Remark
R99/R4
HSDPA
MAC-hs
HARQ
TFRC
L2
L1
L1 HARQ
F
E
C
A
R
Q
H
A
R
Q
Receive
Send
Packet A
Receive
Packet A
Discard
Resend
whole packet
Packet A
Error packet A
Reserve
Resend data
Error packet A
Lower efficiency
Longer time delay
Packet A
Packet B
Packet A
missing data
Higher efficiency
Shorter time delay
Packet A
missing
data
Packet B
HARQ phase I
Resending is in RNCR99
Soft
combination
HSDPA channel
feedback time delay
is about 8.5 TS
1 TS = 2560 Chip
HS-SCCH
HS-SCCH
HS-PDSCH
2 TS
Standard
TTI (ms)
Channel feedback
time delay (ms)
R99
10
HSDPA
5.67
N TS
Remark
Supports continuous
feedback, R5 also
supports 10ms TTI
Content
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Algorithm
HSDPA Solution
Scheduling Algorithm
RR Algorithm
The MAX C/I algorithm only takes into account the channel
quality to maximize cell throughput. The relative priority of MAX
C/I algorithm is given by:
PF Algorithm
PF algorithm takes into account both the channel quality and history
traffic, or both cell throughput and user fairness. As a tradeoff
between fairness and cell throughput. The relative priority of PF
relation between Weight of SPI and SPI, that is, the more scheduling
chance the UEs with high SPI have.
PF Algorithm
Weight of CQI refers to the weight obtained through CQI mapping which is
configured through the parameter Channel Quality Weight. The larger the value, the
steeper the mapping relation between Weight of CQI and CQI, that is, the more
scheduling chance the UEs with high CQI have.
Where, TBSIZE is a variable because the data volume scheduled each time varies. n
refers to the times of history scheduling. History Flux(n) refers to the history flux after
n times of scheduling. TBSIZE refers to the TBSIZE of last scheduling. Under an
SF=16
SF=16
UMTS F1
(R99)
2G
UMTS F2
UMTS F1
2G
Target Serving
Node B
Source Serving
Node B
RNC
HSDPADCH Handover
UE
Non-Serving
Node B
Serving
Node B
RNC
Target Serving
Node B
Source
Node B
RNC
Content
Driver to HSDPA
HSDPA Theory
HSDPA Algorithm
HSDPA Solution
DL Capability (kbps)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
distance/cell_radius %
HSDPA makes the balance between the coverage and the throughput, increase the coverage
decrease the throughput.
HSDPA provides about 200kbps in the edge of cell, Less than the R99/R4 DCH.
Recommend to combine the HSDPA and R99/R4 DCH together, at the edge of cell UE can
handover into DCH. With this combination, you can take the most advantage from R99/R4 and
HSDPA.
15
10
0
-2
4
6
8
10
Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA
12
14
16
4
6
8
10
Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA
12
14
16
150
100
50
0
-2
8
10
12
HSDPA User Num
14
16
18
20
90
80
70
60
50
HSDPA heavy load
HSDPA light load
40
30
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
Total HSDPA Power offset to BsTxPwer (dB)
-4
-3
%
User Num Percent
R99
Mbit/s
SectorThroughput
5.5
80
5
4.5
70
4
R99 N/A
R99 36dBm
R99 38dBm
R99 40dBm
60
3.5
3
50
2.5
40
2
1.5
30
-13
1
-12 2 -11
-10
3
-9 4
-8
5 -7
-66
-5
Total HSDPA
Power
User
offset
Numto BsTxPwer (dB)
HSDPA
7 -4
-3
8
Throughput Mbit/s
5
R99 Throughput
Hsdpa Throughput
Cell Throughput
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
R99 12.2k User Num
80
90
100
110
Frequency point
assignment
F1: HSDPA+R99/R4
Intra-frequency
plan
F2: HSDPA+R99/R4
F1: R99/R4
Inter-frequency
plan
Resource condition
Advantage: easy to do
resource control
ZTE solution
Recommended
deployment
F2: HSDPA
Advantage and
disadvantage
Disadvantage: do not
have user detail
classification
Disadvantage: resource
control will be difficult in
situation I, maybe some
frequency point resource
will be wasted at the
beginning
f1
f2
f3
R99/R4+
HSDPA
R99/R4+
HSDPA
HSDPA
(PC card)
Phase
Phase I,
IIIII
If necessary, use
a carrier only to
support PS data
motivation
description
Handover based
on traffic load
Handover based
on service
Square (km2)
Erl
Dense urban
91.5
3527
Urban
179.78
4873
Suburb
3000.5
2100
total
3271.78
10500
Major area
occupy
80% traffic
Fully HSDPA
coverage for
major area!
AMC
Node B
Pico
RRU
Power
distributor
Fiber
Twisted
pair
Feeder
Macro Node B or
base band pool
Solution
Transm
ission
Site radius
52
537m
Existing R99
planning
NE
Cost of NE
CN
Same
RNC
Add 5
Node B
Add 10
Total cost
Advantage
Add 8
The capacity of PS
increases 80 ~120
Iub Interface
After HSDPA
Update
Before HSDPA
Update
After HSDPA
Update
HSDPA Processor
Control
Before HSDPA
Update
HSDPA Processor
DL Coder
UL Decoder
DL Base-band
UL Base-band
Mid-frequency
Advanced designHSDPA
functions have been embedded
into hardware.
Just update software to support
HSDPA functions.
No additional hardware is needed!