Study of
Project Goals
Finding
Effects of Sloshing on
Cylindrical Tanks
Avoid from Critical Conditions
Find the Procedure of Baffles Design
Modified Present Tanks to other
Missions
Designing Safe & Better Tanks, for Each
Condition *
Introduction
Sloshing
Introduction
In
(Cont...)
History
1952
1989
BRYSON
(Tests in Airplane &
Missile Control)
1992 ARMENIO (Marine Transport)
SANKAR &
PATANKAR (liquid Carriers)
1997 VENUGOPAL & BERNSTEIN
(Big Tanks
Like Dams) , FEDDEMA ,
(Maximum Velocity
to Transfer) *
Chaptures Review
Chap.
1Introduction
Chap. 2General Study of Analytic
Solution
Chap. 3Analytic Solution of Slosh in
Cylindrical Tanks & Application
relations *
Chaptures Review
Chap.
(Cont...)
Analysis Methods
Analytical
Methods
- Mathematics Based With Boundary Conditions &
Some Assumptions
- Dynamic Modelling (1. Theoritical)
Experimental Methods
- Dynamic Modeling (2. Exprimental)
- Dimensionless Groups
Numerical Methods
- CFD Codes , ...*
Analytical Method
Assumptions
Mathematics
Modeling
- Differential
Eqations
- Boundary Conditions
Solve Equation
Obtain Unknown & Desired Parameters Natural Frequency
- Pressure,
Forces & Moments *
Assumptions
Rigid
Tank
Non Viscose Fluid
Incompressible Fluid
Small Movement, Melocity & Change for
Free Surface
Irrotational Flow With no Source or Sink
Homogenous Flow *
Diff. Equation
Irrotational
Flow : V=
(x,y,z,t) Which :
V=u i+
v j+ w k u = /x v =
/y
w = /z *
Boundary Conditions
Bottom
of Tank
Vertical
Tank Wall
Free
Surface
1
0
z
1
0
r
1
1
g
0*
2
t
z
2
Solve Equation
With Sepration of Variables Method :
1 (r , , z , t ) T (t ) R(r )G ( ) Z ( z )
Obtained Equation :
1 (r , , z , t ) an e
n 1
i n t
Cosh[n ( z / a h / a )]
Cos
J 1 (n r / a ) *
Cosh(n h / a )
Desired Parameters
Natural Frequency :
g
n tanh(n h / a )
a
Pressure Distribution :
2
J 1 (n r / a )
r
2
2
i t
P (r , , z , t ) x0 ae Cos 2
2
2
a
(
)
J
(
)(
n 1
n
1
n
n 1)
Cosh[n ( z / a h / a )]
gz *
Cosh(n h / a )
Desired Parameters
Fx
Fy
aP1Cosdzd
Mx
(Cont...)
aP Sindzd
ap (h / 2 z ) Sindzd
My
ap1 (h / 2 z )Cosdzd
P2 r 2 Sindrd
P2 r 2Cosdrd
Note :
p1= Press. On Wall
&
Desired Parameters
(Cont)
2
2
a
(
)
tanh(n h / a)
2
n
Fx a x2 h
2
2
2
1
)(
1
)
n 1
n
n
n
( / 2 ) 2
2
2
3
M y a hx0
tanh(n h / a)
(
1)
2
2
2
n h / a Cosh(n h / a)
4h n 1 n (n 1)(1 / n )
Fy M x 0 *
Dynamic Simulation
With
Mass-Spring System
With
Mass-Spring-Dashpod System
With
Pendulum System *
Mass-Spring System
Equations
Kinematic Energy :
1
1
1
T mn ( x 0 h0 0 ) 2 I 0 02 mnVn2
2
2
2 n 1
Potensial Energy :
Equations
(Cont...)
L=T-U
Equation of Motion From Lagrange Method :
d L L
F
dt x 0 x 0
d
[m0 ( x 0 h0 0 ) mn ( x 0 x n hn 0 )] F *
dt
Equations
(Cont...)
d L
L
(
)
M
dt a 0
a 0
d
[m0 ( x 0 h0 0 )h0 I 0 0 mn ( x 0 x n hn 0 ) hn ] mn gxn M
dt
mn ( x0 xn hn0 ) k n xn mn g 0 0 *
F mT
m
1 n
n 1 mT
Solution
2 / n2
2
2
1 / n
mn
0
T 0
n 1 mT
M 0
hn 2 / n2 g / n2
2
2
1
g2
2 2
2hn g / 2 2 hn ( )
m
n
n
I 0 m0 h02 mn hn2 mT n
1 ( / n ) 2
n 1
n 1 mT
g
2
h
(
n
n
mn
n2
mT y0
*
2
1 ( / n )
n 1 mT
2
n
Results
2g
k n mT
tanh(2n h / d )
2
h(n 1)
d
mn mT
tanh(2n h / d ) , m0 mT m0
2
n h(n 1)
n 1
d
1
hn h / 2 tanh(n h / d ) , h0
n
m0
I 0 I F m0 h02 mn hn2 *
n 1
m h
n 1
n n
Pendulum Sys.
2
M mT .hT mo .ho m j .h j .(1 2
)
2
j 2i j B j
j 1
N
2i jB j
j 1
j 2i j B j
m j l j .(
Simplified Eq.
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.1
0.5
1
m1/mt
m2/mt
m3/mt
m4/mt
0.01
0.001
0.0001
h/a
Simplified Eq.
(cont...)
1 1.841ga 1 tanh(ha 1 )
h1
1.08ah 1 tanh(0.920ha 1 )
h
m1
0.4547 ah 1 tanh(1.841ha 1 )
m
h0 1 m
m1 h1
( )( )
h 2 m0
m0 h
m0
m1
1
m
m
l1
0.5432ah 1 coth(1.841ha 1 )
h
k1 m11
c1 2m11 1
Dimensionless Analysis
Effective
parameters
1. Acceleration on tank
2. Tank diameter
3. Resultant liquid force on tank wall
4. Depth of liquid in tank
5. Excitation amplitude
6. Liquid viscosity *
Dimensionless Analysis
Effective
(Cont...)
parameters (Continue...) 7.
Liquid density
8. Excitation period
Physical parameters 1.length 2.Time
3.Force *
Dimensionless Analysis
(Cont...)
( 1, 2, 3,, n-m) = 0
Where :
n = Number of Effective Parameters
m = Number of Base Parameter
= Combinations of Dimensionless Groups *
Dimensionless Analysis
(Cont...)
n-m=8-3=5
Therefor We Have Five Dimentionless Groups :
F
g
h x0 d (d / )
[
, , ,
]
3
2
2
( d ).(d / )
d / d d
There Are
Euler , Weber & Reynolds Dimentionless Groups
In Above Relation . *
Dimensionless Analysis
(Cont...)
Zero Damping
h/d=0.500(Theory)
4.5
4
3.5
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
Frequency Parameter
CFD Codes
Conclusions
Sloshing
May Be a Hazardous
Phenomena In Control, Stability etc.
We Can Determine Sloshing
Frequency, Force & Moment, With
Various Methods
Depend of Our Sensitivity, We Can
Reduce Sloshing Elevation & Change
Natural Frequencies With Baffles *
Acknowledgement
I wish to thanks from :
Dr. GH. ATEFI
Mr. GH. NADI
Mr. A. EGHTESADI
Mr. D. REZAEE
And All of My Friends That Help Me To Provide This
Presentation *
Applications
Transferring
Effective Parameters
Tank
Geometry
Propellant Properties
Effective Damping
Height of Propellant In The Tank
Acceleration Field
Perturbing Motion of The Tank *
Acceleration Fields
Low
Gravity Field
High Gravity Field
Number :
ga 2 Gravitational Force
Bo
Surface
tension
Forces
Some Of
Baffles Configuration
Some Of
Baffles Configuration