6/10/2009
Specific Heat
The quantity of heat needed to produce a
6/10/2009
6/10/2009
Thermo
One dimensional steady flow continuity equation:
W = (AV)/v
Boyles Law:
7/2010
6/10/2009
Thermo
Combining the gas laws :
(P1V1)/ T1 = (P2V2)/T2
or PVn= Constant
where n depends on the process
[for a constant temp process n=1 and we get
P1V1 = P2V2 ]
[for a constant pressure process n=0 and we
get P1 =P2 ]
For a reversible adiabatic/constant entropy
process
n = k = Cp/Cv
Cp - specific heat at constant pressure
Cv - specific heat at constant volume
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6/10/2009
Thermo
P1V1k= P2V2k
= r ck V 2 T 1
rck-1
T2 / T1 = rck-1 = (V1/V2)k-1
6/10/2009
Thermo
Thermal efficiency (Eta) = Work Out/Heat Added x 100%
Work out = Heat Added Heat Rejected = Q A - QR
Thermal efficiency (Eta) = ( QA - QR ) / QA = 1 (QR/QA )
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6/10/2009
wnet
qout
1
qin
qin
during process 2->3, w is not zero (change in
volume)
1st law: qin - w23 = (u3 u2)
qin = (u3 u2) + p23 (v3 v2) = h3 h2
u44 u
u11
since qout
=
u
1
h3 h2
then
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c v (T4 T1 )
(T4 T1 )
T (T4 / T1 1)
1
1 1
cp (T3 T2 )
k(T3 T2 )
T2 k(T3 / T2 1)
T1 v 2
T2 v1
k 1
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RT2 RT3
v2
v3
T3 v3
rc
T2 v2
T4 v 3
k 1
v1
v3
T v
T4
3 3
T1
T2 v 2
k 1
k 1
v
v3
v2
k 1
1
k 1
3
v3
v2
T2 k 1
v2
T1
T2 v 2
k 1
v3
T1 v 3
k 1
v
3
v2
rck 1
then, 1 k 1
r k(rc 1)
1
sin ce
rck 1
1, for given r
k(rc 1)
diesel Otto
rck
k 1
Example
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