MANAGERS AND

LEADERS : ARE
THEY DIFFERENT
?
AUTHORS :
ABRAHAM
ZALEZNIK

Abraham Zaleznik(1924-2011)
was a leading scholar and teacher in
the field of organizational
psychodynamics and the
psychodynamics of leadership. At
the time of his death he was a
Professor Emeritus at the Harvard
Business School where he taught for
four decades. He was a practicing
psychoanalyst and the author of 16
books. Zaleznik served on corporate
boards, consulted to many
businesses, and was an early
contributor to the formation of the
International Society for the
Psychoanalytic Study of
Organizations.

QUESTION TO AUDIENCE
WHO ARE MANAGERS ?

WHO ARE LEADERS ?

ARE BOTH ARE
SAME ?
LETS

SEE

Manager versus leader

personality :
A

managerial culture emphasizes on

rationality and control .
A manager is a problem solver
Manager asks :
what problems have to be solved ,
and what are the best ways to achieve
results so that people will continue to
contribute to this organization ?

From this perspective , leadership is

simply a practical effort to direct affairs ,
and to fulfill his or her task , a manager
requires that many people operate
efficiently at different levels of status
and responsibility .
To be a good manager he need not be
genius , just he / she should have
persistence , hard work , toughmindedness, analytical ability , and
most important tolerance and good will .

LEADERSHIP :
Whenever we talk about leaders ? Three
questions comes to mind :
1 . Person coming from a good background or a
person who belongs to a heroic parents
WILL
BECOME A LEADER ?
2. Do leadership stagnates the managers
competitiveness in visualizing purposes and
generating value in work ?
3. Are managers and leaders goals and
purposes are same ?

Attitude towards goals :

Managerial goals arise out of necessities rather than
desire and therefore ,are deeply embedded in the
organizations history and culture .
Example of managers attitude towards goals :
Frederic G. Donner chairman and CEO of
general motors has explained their GMs attitude
towards goals regarding product development
o Example of leaders attitude towards goals :
explained with the example of polaroid and
land suggests regarding leaders attitude towards
goals.

 Conception

of work :
Managers view:
managers tend to view work as a
enabling process involving some
combination of people and ideas
interacting to establish strategies and
make decisions . In this enabling process ,
managers tactics appear flexible : on one
hand they negotiate and bargain and
other side they use rewards , punishments
and other forms of coercion to get the
work done .

Leaders view on conception of work :

leaders work for high risk positions ,
indeed they are often temporarily disposed
to seek out risk and danger , especially
where the chance of opportunity and
rewards appear promising .

Relations with others :

managers and leaders behavior towards
other people
Senses of self
Development of leadership.

Can organization develop

leaders :
Examples

given by Philips N.v in

Holland explained with the help of peer
training .
and experiences of chairman Henley
regarding organizations developing
leaders .