Introduction to

ARM Processor
Unit 1
Part 1

Footer Text

1/22/15

Unit Outline
Background
ARM Connected Community
ARM Based Devices
ARM Processor Architectures
ARM Cortex Families
ARM Resources
BeagleBone Black Development Board
Footer Text

1/22/15

Background
ARM founded in November 1990

Advanced RISC Machine

Processor design centers in Cambridge, Austin, and Sophia

Antipolis

Sales, support, and engineering offices all over the world

Company headquarters in Cambridge, UK

Best known for its range of RISC processor cores
designs

Other products: fabric IP, software tools, models, cell

libraries; to help partners develop and ship ARM-based SoCs

ARM does not manufacture silicon

More information about ARM:

http://www.arm.com/aboutarm/

1/22/15

ARM Intellectual Property (IP)

products

Footer Text

1/22/15

ARM Connected Community1000+

Footer Text

1/22/15

ARM Ecosystem

Footer Text

http://cc.arm.com

1/22/15

Advantages of ARM
Processors

Low power
Performance
Energy Efficiency
Code density
Interrupts
Ease of use, C friendly
Scalability
Debug features
OS support
Versatile system features
Software portability and reusability
Choices (devices, tools, OS, etc.)
Footer Text

1/22/15

ARM-Based Devices
As of 2013, it is the most widely used 32-bit

instruction set architecture in the world

According to ARM Holdings, in 2010 alone,
producers of chips based on ARM architectures
reported shipments of 6.1 billion ARM-based
processors, representing 95% of smartphones,
35% of digital televisions and 10% of mobile
computers.

Footer Text

1/22/15

Automotive Electronics

Vehicle infotainment

Radio
Navigation
Hands-free telephony
Voice control
Head-up display
Back-up camera

Powertrain

Engine
Gearbox
Transmission
Traction control
Electric Vehicle

Driver assistance

Dynamic cruise
Pre-crash brake
Park assist
Blind spot

Chassis

Braking
Electric steering
Text
VehicleFooter
stability

Active suspension

1/22/15

ARM-Based Servers

Footer Text

1/22/15

10

ARM Servers
Low-power servers running on
Calxedas 64-bit ARM chip
Hewlett-Packard is on tap to use
Calxedas ARM chips in its Moonshot
dense server, which currently runs
only on x86 processors.

Footer Text

1/22/15

11

ARM Cores
Architecture

Family

ARMv1

ARM1

ARMv2

ARM2, ARM3, Amber

ARMv3

ARM6, ARM7

ARMv4

StrongARM, ARM7TDMI, ARM8, ARM9TDMI,

FA526

ARMv5

ARM7EJ, ARM9E, ARM10E, XScale,

FA626TE, Feroceon, PJ1/Mohawk

ARMv6

ARM11

ARMv6-M

ARM Cortex-M0, ARM Cortex-M0+,

ARM Cortex-M1

ARMv7-A

ARM Cortex-A5, ARM Cortex-A7,

ARM Cortex-A8, ARM Cortex-A9,
ARM Cortex-A12, ARM Cortex-A15,
Scorpion, Krait, PJ4/Sheeva, Swift

ARMv7-M

ARM Cortex-M3

ARMv7-R

ARM Cortex-R4, ARM Cortex-R5,

ARM Cortex-R7

ARMv7E-M

ARM Cortex-M4

ARMv8-A

Footer Text

ARM Cortex-A53, ARM Cortex-A57,[24]

X-Gene, Denver

1/22/15

12

ARM Architectures
ARM incorporates typical RISC architecture
features:
A uniform register file load/store architecture,
where data processing operates only on
register contents, not directly on memory
contents.
Simple addressing modes, with all load/store
addresses determined from register contents
and instruction fields only.
Enhancements to a basic RISC architecture
enable ARM processors to achieve a good
balance
of high performance, small code size,
Footer Text
1/22/15
low power consumption and small silicon area.

13

Evolution of ARM Processor

Architecture

Footer Text

1/22/15

14

ARM Architectures

ARM developed architecture extensions to provide support for Java acceleration (

Jazelle), security (TrustZone), SIMD, and Advanced SIMD (NEON) technologies.
The ARMv8-architecture adds a Cryptographic extension as an optional feature.

Footer Text

1/22/15

15

ARM Product Portfolio

Footer Text

1/22/15

16

ARM Cortex Families

Footer Text

1/22/15

17

ARM Cortex Application

Processors
Cortex-A and Cortex-A50 Series - High

performance processors for open Operating

Systems
Cortex application processors deliver exceptional
32-bit performance with the new Cortex-A50 series
combined 32-bit and 64-bit performance, enabling
the next generation of mobile internet devices. The
processors are available in single-core and multicore varieties, delivering up to four processing units
with optional NEON multimedia processing blocks
and advanced Floating Point execution units.
Used in:

Smartphones ; Smartbooks & Netbooks ;eBook Readers;

Digital TV ; Home Gateways ; Huge array of additional products
Footer Text

1/22/15

18

Big.LITTLE, Cortex-A Processors

Single and multicore processors, such as the Cortex-A8,

Cortex-A9, Cortex-A5, Cortex-A7, Cortex-A15, Cortex-A53 and
Cortex-A57 processors deliver extended performance and
scalability by enabling up to four cores to be implemented in
a single symmetric or asymmetric system, alongside a global
interrupt handler and snoop control units. The Cortex-A50
series processors extend the performance of the Cortex-A
series with the ability to execute 64-bit instructions.
big.LITTLE
The performance and energy efficiency of ARM Cortex-A
series processors is enhanced by ARM big.LITTLE technology
.This enables a high-performance processor to be paired with
an energy efficient processor and the tasks migrated
instantaneously between them, ensuring that the right
processor is selected for the right job. Current big.LITTLE
configurations include the Cortex-A7 with the Cortex-A15, and
the Cortex-A53 and the Cortex-A57 processor.
Footer Text

1/22/15

19

ARM Cortex Real-time

Embedded Processors

Cortex-R Series - Exceptional

performance for real-time applications
Cortex Real-time Embedded processors have
been developed for deeply embedded realtime applications where the need for low
power and good interrupt behaviour are
balanced with exceptional performance and
strong compatibility with existing platforms.
Used for:
Automotive braking systems; Powertrain
solutions; Mass storage controller; Networking
Footer Text
1/22/15
and printing

20

ARM Cortex Embedded

Processors

Cortex-M Series - Cost-sensitive solutions

for deterministic microcontroller
applications
Cortex-M series processors have been developed
primarily for the microcontroller domain where the
need for fast, highly deterministic, interrupt
management is coupled with the desire for
extremely low gate count and lowest possible
power consumption
Used in:
Microcontrollers; Mixed signal devices; Smart
sensors; Automotive body electronics; and Airbags
Footer Text

1/22/15

21

Microcontroller Blocks

Footer Text

1/22/15

22

ARMv6-M Architecture

Footer Text

1/22/15

23

Cortex-M Processor Family

Footer Text

1/22/15

24

Embedded Processors

Footer Text

1/22/15

25

Cortex-M Processors

Footer Text

1/22/15

26

ARM Specialist
Processors
SecurCore - Processors for high security

applications
FPGA Cores - Processors for FPGA
ARM Specialist Processors are designed to meet the
demanding needs of specific markets. SecurCore
processors are utilized within the security markets for
mobile SIMs and identification applications and integrate
numerous technologies to detect and avoid security attacks
while delivering outstanding performance.
ARM also develops processors for FPGA fabrics, enabling
users to rapidly reach market while maintaining
compatibility with traditional ARM devices. Additionally the
fabric independent nature of these processors enables
developers to choose the target device which is right for
their application
rather than be locked to a specific vendor
Footer Text
1/22/15
27

ARM Resources
www.arm.com
ARM Cortex-A Programmers Guide
ARM Architecture Reference Manual
ARM processor data sheets
Beagleboard.org
Footer Text

1/22/15

28

BeagleBone Black
BeagleBone Black is community-supported development platform for developers

and hobbyists. Boot Linux in under 10 seconds and get started on development in
less than 5 minutes with just a single USB cable.
Processor: AM335x 1GHz ARM Cortex-A8
512MB DDR3 RAM
2GB 8-bit eMMC on-board flash storage
3D graphics accelerator
NEON floating-point accelerator
2x PRU 32-bit microcontrollers
Connectivity
USB client for power & communications
USB host
Ethernet
HDMI
2x 46 pin headers
Software Compatibility
ngstrm Linux
Android
Ubuntu
Cloud9 IDE
on Text
Node.js w/ BoneScript library
Footer
1/22/15
29
plus much more