ALTTC/Oct 2006
Ethernet Technology
ALTTC/Oct 2006
Upper
Layers
Other
Layers
Network
Media Access Control
Network
Data Link
Physical
(MAC)
Ethernet_II
ALTTC/Oct 2006
OSI model
Ethernet_II- Frame
64~1518B
8B
PREAMBLE
6B
DESTINATION
HARDWARE
ADDRESS
72~1526B
6B
SOURCE
HARDWARE
ADDRESS
2B
46~1500B
T
Y
P
E
LAYER 3 DATA
4B
CRC
ALTTC/Oct 2006
10
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB
U/L I/G
Most Significant Byte
(3 bytes)
(3 bytes)
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11
CSMA/CD
Ethernet Uses Carrier Sense Multiple Access
with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) as access
method
Any station wishing to transmit must listen for
Carrier on the line
If no carrier is detected, the line is idle and
transmission can be initiated
Two or more stations transmits at the same
time, when there was no carrier, results in
collision which is indicated by high voltage on
the line
After collision retry is done at staggered time
by different devices
CSMA/CD reduces the number of collision but
does not eliminate them
ALTTC/Oct 2006
12
13
Other
Layers
Network
Data Link
Physical
OSI model
14
802.4
Token Bus
802.5
Token Ring
ANSI
FDDI
15
SSAP
1B
1B
Control
12 B
DATA
3B
43~1497B
DESTINATIO
PREAMBLE
S
N
F HARDWARE
D
ADDRESS
7B
1B
6B
SOURCE
HARDWARE
ADDRESS
6B
LE
N
GT
H
2B
64~1518B
802.2 PDU
CRC
46~1500B
4B
72~1526B
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16
17
802.2 PDU
Upper layer information between 461500 bytes
CRC (4 bytes)
For error detection information
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18
DSAP
C/R
SSAP
Control
19
DSAP
SSAP
1B
1B
OUI
Ether Type
3B
2B
Control
SNAP
12 B
5B
DATA
8B
38~1492B
DESTINATIO
PREAMBLE
S
N
F HARDWARE
D
ADDRESS
7B
1B
6B
SOURCE
HARDWARE
ADDRESS
6B
LE
N
GT
H
2B
64~1518B
802.2 PDU
CRC
46~1500B
4B
72~1526B
ALTTC/Oct 2006
20
10 Base 2
Uses Thin Coaxial Cable
10 Base T
Uses Unshielded Twisted pair cable
ALTTC/Oct 2006
21
22
2.5 M
50 M
R
2
Segment 1
3
3-Cable Terminator
ALTTC/Oct 2006
23
24
3
1
4
185 M
1-NIC(Network Interface Card)
3-BNC-T Connector
4-Cable Terminator
ALTTC/Oct 2006
25
10BaseT
A star topology LAN
All individual transceiver functions and
networking operations are placed in an
intelligent hub with a port for each
station
Hub fans out any transmitted frame to
all its connected stations
Frame will be read by all, but will only
be processed by the station to which it
is addressed
ALTTC/Oct 2006
26
10BaseT
1
2
100 M
10Base-T Hub
4
100 M
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27
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28
802.3u
Most popular spec. in 100Mbps over cat
5 UTP or cat 5 plus
Also known as Fast Ethernet
ALTTC/Oct 2006
29
100Base-TX
Developed by ANSI 100Base-TX is also known as
100Base-X, 100Base-TX uses two wire data grade
twisted-pair wire
100Base-FX
Developed by ANSI, 100Base-FX utilizes 2 stands of
fiber cable
ALTTC/Oct 2006
30
100 Base-FX
Uses 2 optical Fibers (1 fibre towards
hub and other fibre from hub)
Encoding used is 4B/5B
Distance between hub & station be <
2000 M
ALTTC/Oct 2006
31
32
33
Auto
34
Base-LX
Base-SX
Base-CX
Base-T
FEATURE
1000Base-LX
1000Base-SX
1000BaseCX
1000Bas
e-T
MEDIUM
Optical Fiber
(Multi mode;
Single mode)
Optical Fiber
(Multi mode)
STP
UTP
SIGNAL
Long-Wave
Laser
Short-Wave
Laser
Electrical
Electrical
MAXIMUM
DISTANCE
550 Meters
Multi mode;
5000 Meters
Single mode
550 Meters
25M
25M
ALTTC/Oct 2006
35
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36
3
4
5
6
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38
ALTTC/Oct 2006
39
40
ALTTC/Oct 2006
41
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42
ALTTC/Oct 2006
43
FDDI
Fiber Distributed Data Interface,
standardised by ANSI and the ITU-T
High speed alternative to Ethernet and
Token Ring
Copper version of FDDI is known as CDDI
Uses Token passing as access method
Implemented in dual ring
In most cases, data transmission is
confined to the primary ring
The secondary ring is provided in case
the primary ring fails
ALTTC/Oct 2006
44
Secondary Ring
Primary Ring
Fault
ALTTC/Oct 2006
45
LSB MSB
LSB MSB
LSB MSB
LSB MSB
LSB MSB
LSB
I/G U/L
Most Significant Byte
(3 bytes)
(3 bytes)
ALTTC/Oct 2006
46
ALTTC/Oct 2006
47
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48
Wireless Ethernet
ALTTC/Oct 2006
49
IEEE 802.11a
Capable of transmissions of up to 54 Mbps
and operates in the 5 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11b
Introduced in 1999 802.11b is capable of
transmissions of up to 11 Mbps and
operates in the 2.4 GHz band.
IEEE 802.11g
Capable of transmissions of up to 20 Mbps
and operates in the 2.4 GHz band.
ALTTC/Oct 2006
50
51
52
53
HomeRF
Up to 10 Mbps in the 2.4 GHZ band
Range is only 150 feet from base station.
HiperLAN/1 (Europe)
Up to 20 Mbps in the 5 GHz band & Only in
Europe & Relatively expensive
HiperLAN/2 (Europe)
Up to 54 Mbps in the 5 GHz band & Only in
Europe
Better quality of service than HiperLAN/1
ALTTC/Oct 2006
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ALTTC/Oct 2006
55