THE HISTORY OF

INDIAN GARDENS

Index
Introduction To Indian
History Of Gardens
History
Mughal Gardens
Taj garden
Shalimar garden
Botanical Garden

INTRODUCTI
ON
In India we have many examples of well
planned gardens and which were mostly made
by mughals to show there power and prestige.
Many rulers before mughals, also made
gardens that are mainly for there pleasing view.
But the evidences of the gardens before
mughal period are not available.

HISTORY
The history of gardens was started since Buddha
period, as it is said that lord Buddha was born in a
park that is Lumbini garden.
After adopting Buddhism, mauryan king Ashoka
(322-185bc) started developing gardens to spread
the message of peace and love.
Baz Bahadur(1553-1562 ad) was the last sultan of
Malwa.
Then Mughals (early 16 century) came and they
develop gardens in a formal way.

ELEMENTS USED IN
GARDEN BY BAZ
BAHADUR
Pool (kunda)
Platform to
have a view of
pool
Chatries
aesthetics
Archesaesthetics and
shade.

MUGHAL
GARDENS
Islamic art
was the very antithesis of Hindu art.
According to holy Quran garden is symbol of
paradise.
Mughal gardens were influenced by Persian
architecture.
Mughal gardens were typically influence with the
char bagh/ cahar bagh concept of persian
gardens.

The concept of char bagh.

The garden
structure or land
mainly consist of the
4 quadrant divided
by pathways and
water channel.
The 4 quadrants
depicts the 4 world
from heaven i.e.
Water, fire, air, and
the earth.
The 4 canals
depicts the 4 rivers
from heaven.

elements OF
MUGHAL
GARDENS
Running water

Water pool

Trees

Canals

Lawn

Fountains

covered

sitting area

Types of mughal garden

There are two types of Mughal Gardens,
One is like park enclosures surrounding the
principal monumental structure especially Mughal
tomb such as Taj Garden at Agra.
In other type there are no principal monumental
structure such as Shalimar garden, Kashmir

TAJ MAHAL GARDEN

Build by Shahjahan.
Area 300 square meter.
When the Emperor built the Taj, the garden was full of trees,
such as fruit trees, cypress, palm trees and flowering trees.
Shah Jahan built a pool in the centre to reflect the perfection of
Taj Mahal.
. From the central, elevated pool HausI- Kausar, the water
channels flow in four directions dividing the garden at right
angles into four parts.
The inclination and level of the garden is carefully designed to
keep the water continuously flowing form Jamuna river behind
the Taj

Taj mahal garden

MONUMENT

CHAR BAGH GARDEN

THEY GIVE GIANT ENTRANCE TO THE

GARDEN

The second type of Mughal

Gardens was also designed as
a pleasure resort and picnic
spots, but without a tomb, a
monumental structure, for
example
Shalimar Bagh was their
imperial summer residence,
and also the Royal Court.
This central channel, known
as the Shah Nahar, is the
main axis of the garden
It runs through three
terraces

Shalimar
garden

This layout saved on radial

arms and the shape became
rectangular, instead of a
square plan of the Chahar
Bagh.
The garden was linked to
the open Dal Lake water
through a canal of about 1
mile
Broad green paths
bordered the lake with rows
of chinar trees.

THIRD
TERRACE
Zenana garden
Or royal terrace

SECOND TERRACE
Diwan e khas
gathering place fot nobelmen
or royal guest

FIRST TERRACE
Pubplic garden
Diwan-e-aam

BOTANICAL GARDEN
Acharya Jagadish
Chandra Bose Indian
Botanic Garden kolkata.
The gardens were
originally founded in 1786
by Colonel Kyd, containing
about 12,000 living plants
and over two and half
million dried plant
specimens in the herbarium
collected from all over the
world.
This is the oldest of all the

The garden is
divided into
regions.
According to the
region the plants
and other
specimens are
divided and plant.
Also in the
region serpentine
lakes are provided
to have water
supply to the
plants

PLAN OF ACHARYA
JAGADISHCHANDRA BOSE
BOTANICAL GARDEN

THANK YOU