SELECTING

THERMODYNAMIC
PROPERTY METHODS

A key requirement of process design is the

need to accurately reproduce the various

physical properties that describes chemical
species.
The property packages available in HYSYS
allow you to predict properties of mixtures
ranging from well defined light hydrocarbon
systems to complex oil mixtures and highly
non-ideal
(non-electrolyte)
chemical
systems.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
The physical properties required for modeling
and simulation often includes,
Molecular reaction and kinetic data.
Thermodynamic properties
Transport properties

MOLECULAR REACTION & KINETIC

DATA
In this case Critical properties are,
Rate equation
Activation energies
Reaction mechanism

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
Enthalpy
Entropy
Fugacity coefficient
Gibbs free energy

TRANSPORT PROPERTIES
Diffusion coefficient
Thermal conductivities
Viscosities

HYSYS

provides enhanced equations of

state (PR and PRSV) for rigorous
treatment of hydrocarbon systems;
semi empirical and vapour pressure
models for the heavier hydrocarbon
systems; steam correlations for accurate
steam property predictions; and activity
coefficient models for chemical systems. All
of these equations have their own inherent
limitations.

So HYSYS includes following methods for the

estimation of Physical properties,
Equations of state
Activity models
Chao-Seader based empirical methods
Vapour pressure models an
Miscellaneous methods.

EQUATIONS OF STATES

The

table

lists
some
typical
systems
and
recommended
correlations.

PENG-ROBINSON EOS
For oil, gas and petrochemical applications,

the Peng-Robinson EOS (PR) is generally

the recommended property package.

It rigorously solves any single, two-phase or

three-phase system with a high degree of

efficiency and reliability, and is applicable
over a wide range of conditions, as shown in
the following table.

the

Peng-Robinson equation of state

supports the widest range of operating
conditions and the greatest variety of
systems. The Peng-Robinson and SoaveRedlich-Kwong equations of state (EOS)
generate all required equilibrium and
thermodynamic properties directly.

PR AND SRK
The PR equation of state applies a

functionality
to
some
specific
component-component
interaction
parameters. Key components receiving
special treatment include He, H2, N2, CO2,
H2S, H2O, CH3OH

The PR or SRK EOS should not be used for

non ideal chemicals such as alcohols, acids

or other components. They are more
accurately handled by the Activity Models
(highly non ideal) or the PRSV EOS
(moderately non-ideal).

LEE KESLER PLCKER EQUATION

The

Lee Kesler Plcker equation is an

accurate general method for non polar
substances and mixtures.

ACTIVITY MODELS

ACTIVITY MODELS
Although equation of state models have
proven to be very reliable in predicting
properties of most hydrocarbon based
fluids over a large range of operating
conditions, their application has been
limited to primarily non-polar or slightly
polar components. Polar or non-ideal
chemical systems have traditionally been
handled using dual model approaches.

EXTENDED AND GENERAL NRTL

With a wide boiling point range between
components.
where
you
require
simultaneous solution of VLE and LLE,
and there exists a wide boiling point range
or
concentration
range
between
components.

CHAO SEADER MODELS

VAPOUR PRESSURE
MODELS

MISCELLANEOUS MODELS

VAPOUR PRESSURE
MODEL
The Vapour Pressure options include the

Modified Antoine, BraunK10, and EssoK

packages

MISCELLANEOUS - SPECIAL
APPLICATION METHODS
Amines Property Package

STEAM PACKAGE
HYSYS includes two steam packages:
ASME Steam
NBS Steam
Both of these property packages are
restricted to a single component, namely
H2O.

ASME Steam accesses the ASME 1967

steam tables. The limitations of this

steam package are the same as those of
the original ASME steam tables, i.e.,
pressures less than 15000 psia and
temperatures greater than 32F (0C) and
less than 1500F.
Selecting NBS_Steam utilizes the NBS
1984 Steam Tables, which reportedly
has better calculations near the Critical
Point.

ASSIGNMENT

PUMP
Pumps are used to move liquids. The pump

increases the pressure of the liquid. Water

120 C and 3 bar
is fed into a pump that has only 10%
efficiency. The flow rate of the water is 100
kgmole/h and its outlet pressure from the
pump is 84 bar. Using Peng-Robinson
equation
of state as a fluid package,
determine the outlet temperature of the
water.

RESULTS
This example shows that pumping liquid can

increase their temperature. In this case, the

pump was only 10% efficient and it
caused 18C in the temperature of the water.
The less efficient a pump is, the greater the
increase in the temperature of the fluid being
pumped. This arises because in a low
efficient pump, more energy is needed to
pump the liquid to get the same outlet
pressure of a more efficient pump. So the
extra energy gets transferred to the fluid.

COMPRESSOR
Compressors are used to move gases. The

compressor increases the pressure of the

gases. A mixture of natural gas (C1, C2, C3, iC4, n-C4, i-C5, n-C5, n-C6, C7 ) at 100 C and 1
bar is fed into a compressor that has only 30%
efficiency. The flow rate of the natural gas is
100 kgmole/h and its outlet pressure from the
compressor is 5 bar. Using Peng-Robinson
equation of state as a fluid package, determine
the outlet temperature of the natural gas.
If the outlet temperature is 400C, what is the
efficiency of the compressor?