Role of Glass in Energy Efficient

Buildings
- From the ECBC Perspective
Saint-Gobain Glass India Ltd

Structure
Building Envelope
Glass Performance Requirement
High Performance Glazing
Conclusion

ECBC

Building Envelope (Walls, Roofs, Window)

Lighting (Indoor & Outdoor)
Heating Ventilation & AC (HVAC) system
Service water heating and pumping
Electrical systems (power factor,
transformer)

Glass : Daylight for interiors

Glass :
Blending of interiors & exteriors

Glass : building envelope light weight with better seismic performance as compared
to traditional envelopes: lighter super structure and thus lighter foundation

ECBC Compliance Approach

Prescriptive: component based approach
(specs given for each)
Trade Off: system based approach (trade off
between performance of equipment)
Performance Method: Whole Building Design
Analysis Approach (overall building energy
efficiency)

Key Performance Factors

SHGC or SF : Solar Heat Gain Coefficient or
Solar Factor
U Value
Light Transmission

Total Heat Gain

Electromagnetic Spectrum at Terrestrial Level

TOTAL HEAT GAIN

Amount of heat
Transferred due to
temperature difference

Heat Gain due to

direct solar radiation
Near Infra Red

UV Visible
.25 .38

.78

Far Infra Red

2.50

Wave Length

50

Heat gain
due to Direct
solar radiation

directly +
re-emitted energy
= Solar Factor
1#

2#

incident
solar
radiation
directly transmitted
energy

reflected
energy
re-emitted
energy

re-emitted
energy

Amount of heat
Transferred due to
temperature difference

U Value

Area = 1 m2

U = 5.7 W/sqm K

T1 = 1oC

T2 = 0oC

Prescriptive

Climatic
zone map of
India

Compliance Requirement: Heat Gain

through glazing

WWR: Window to wall ration

Case 1

Case 2

15M

15M

30M

30M

800

800

2400
800

2400
800
16M

WWR = 2.4*(30+15)*2*4
16*(30+15)*2

16M

WWR = 2.4*(30+15)*2*4
16*(30+15)*2

Compliance Requirement: Glass

Light Transmission

How do we get this

performance from Glass ?

C
O
A
T
I
N
G

Online
Coating

T
E
C
N
O
L
O
G
Y

Offline
Coating

CVD Coating
Manufactured during manufacturing of glass it self.
Process of manufacturing known as pyrolysis

Manufactured in a separate process (offline) by

Magnetron sputtering on to raw glass

On line Coatings
Technology
Oldest known technology of coating the
glass during the manufacturing process
Coating is done by pyrolysis of gases with
surface of glass at 650 C - 700 C
There is an covalent bond formation between
and glass and coating material
Coating maximum two layers

On line Coatings
Advantages
Large production run
Economical
Easy to manufacture, install and maintain
Disadvantages
Limitation in performance
Non selective coatings

Off Line Coating (Soft Coating)

Planar
cathode
Target
material
Anode
Shielding
Compartme
nt walls
Rollers

Feeding

Stacking
Cleaning

Coating

Quality
Check

Backing
sheet

Off Line Coating (Soft Coating)

Coating Process:

Argon gas is pumped into the chamber.

The cathode, supplies the chamber with electrons,
which bombard the argon gas, ionising it.
The magnets, and cathode situated above or within
the target material, focus the movement of the
ionised argon atoms towards the target
The argon ions bombard the target, forcing atoms of
the target to be released into the chamber.
The positive target ions are sputtered onto the glass

A modern glazing is a sophisticated filter

nitride - 40 nm
oxide - 54 nm
Ag - 10 nm
oxide - 100 nm
Ag - 11 nm
oxide - 54 nm
oxide - 16 nm
glass

200 nm

Coating- offline
Advantages
Better energy performance
Selective coatings
Large range
Disadvantage
Relatively more expensive

Bestofoption
would be a combination
Types
coatings:

On Line / Hard
Coatings

Processability
Processability
Single
Glazing
Handling Ease
Single Glazing

Temperable
Soft Coatings

Handling Ease

Off Line / Soft

Coatings

Performance range
Performance range
Variety of
of aesthetics
aesthetics
Variety

Conclusion

India : a tropical country

Excessive
Light

Excessive
Heat

But 20% of energy

spent on artificial
lighting

But 35% of energy

Spent on cooling

Energy crisis
made worse by inefficient buildings

Conclusion:
Role of High Performance Coatings in Energy
Efficient Buildings
Controls heat gain: minimize cooling / heating cost
Controls glare: Visual comfort
Daylight control: minimize artificial lighting
Avoid Venetian blind hence blend interior with
exteriors : leading to substantial improved productivity

lass &
reen can go together to create
reat Architectue

Thank you