Agenda
Evolution of Gas and Gas Industry
Worldwide Natural Gas Industry Overview
Scenario in Africa
Scenario in Australia
Scenario in South America
Scenario in China
International Natural Gas Management
Expanding on Harts work, the Fredonia Gas Light Company was eventually formed,
becoming being the first American natural gas company.
Without any way to transport it effectively, natural gas discovered pre-WWII was usually
just allowed to vent into the atmosphere, or burnt.
One of the first major pipelines was constructed in 1891. This pipeline was 120 miles long,
and carried natural gas from wells in central Indiana to the city of Chicago.
In 1938, the U.S. government first regulated the natural gas industry.
Today, the natural gas industry is regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
(FERC).
Scenario in Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa exports 1.22 trillion cubic feet of
natural gas via pipeline and liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, and Mozambique are the
major natural gas exporters in the region.
Mozambique sends all exports to South Africa via
pipeline.
Equatorial Guinea exports LNG mainly to Asia, followed
by Latin America and Europe.
In Nigeria the vast majority of natural gas exports are
LNG, with small amounts exported via the West African
Gas Pipeline.
Nigeria is the 4th largest LNG exporter in the world, accounting for 8% of total LNG exports worldwide.
Proved reserves at the end of 2013 was 179.4 Trillion cubic feet.
The Oil & Gas Journal released on January 1, 2014, raised Mozambiques proved natural gas reserves to
100 trillion cubic feet (Tcf), up from 4.5 Tcf the previous year, placing the country as the third-largest
proved natural gas reserve holder in Africa, after Nigeria and Algeria.
Mozambique currently produces a small volume of natural gas. In 2012, Mozambique produced 154
billion cubic feet (Bcf) of natural gas mainly from two onshore gas fields, Pande and Temane.
The majority of natural gas produced in Mozambique was exported (127 Bcf) to South Africa via the 535mile Sasol Petroleum International Gas Pipeline, and the remainder was domestically consumed (27 Bcf).
Scenario in Australia
Australia has large natural gas reserves in the Asia-Pacific region with production continuing to
increase.
Western Australia has the largest producing basin in the country. Other producing states are
Victoria, Northern Territory (serving local usage only) and Central Australia.
Due to Australias location in relation to other countries, conventional gas pipelines cannot be
used in the transportation of gas and therefore gas is mostly transported as liquid natural gas.
Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) is the fastest growing energy sector and the outlook is for continued
growth.
Australia is the worlds fifth largest LNG exporter. Japan is the primary importer followed by
China, Taiwan, South Korea and India.
Australia currently has two LNG productions; one is the North West Shelf Venture (NWSV) and
the other is the Darwin-LNG. New projects are being constructed in Queensland and in Western
Australia.
Proved reserves at the end of 2013 was 129.9 Trillion cubic feet.
Production at the end of 2013 was 42.9 Billion cubic metres.
Scenario in China
According to OGJ, China held 155 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of proven natural gas reserves as of
January 2014, 14 Tcf higher than reserves estimated in 2013 and the largest in the Asia-Pacific
region.
China was traditionally a net gas exporter until 2007, when it became a net natural gas importer
for the first time. Since then, gas imports have increased dramatically in tandem with rapidly
developing pipeline and gas processing infrastructure.
Natural gas imports, which met 29% of demand in 2012, have become an increasingly
significant part of China's gas supply portfolio.
The natural gas sector is dominated by the three principal state-owned oil and gas companies:
CNPC(China National Petroleum Corporation), Sinopec, and CNOOC(China National Offshore
Oil Corporation).
CNPC is the country's largest natural gas company in both the upstream and downstream
sectors. CNPC data show that the company accounts for roughly 73% of China's total natural
gas production.
China's oil companies are exploring more frontier plays such as deep water, shale gas, and gas
derived from coal seams.
China had nearly 32,000 miles of main natural gas pipelines at the end of 2012.
Over the past three years, China has ramped up imports of natural gas via pipelines as
production from Central Asia and Myanmar increased and as gas infrastructure in the region
improved.
China's first international natural gas pipeline connection, the Central Asian Gas Pipeline
(CAGP), transports natural gas through twin parallel pipelines from Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan,
and Kazakhstan to the border in western China. The CAGP's current capacity is 1.1 Tcf/y and
spans 1,130 miles.
Robust growth in natural gas demand in recent years, particularly in the urban coastal areas, has
led China to become the third largest LNG importer and to accelerate development of its LNG
and pipeline infrastructure.
References
Oil and Gas Journal Article Paris , March 2013.
www.eia.gov
From promise to performance - Africa oil & gas review - Report on current developments
in the oil and gas industry in Africa.
Australias LNG Boom: Opportunities and Challenges by Paul Balfe.
Australias Natural Gas Opportunity: Fuelling A Manufacturing Renaissance.
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