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This document discusses a computer project on disaster management. It begins by defining a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a community's ability to cope using its own resources, though often caused by nature disasters can have human origins as well. It then discusses various types of natural disasters like lightning, earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis and their causes. The document later discusses disaster management as a process implemented before, during or after catastrophes to enable normal operations to resume quickly. It emphasizes that there is no such thing as a natural disaster, only natural hazards, and that disaster risk reduction aims to reduce damage from hazards through prevention.
This document discusses a computer project on disaster management. It begins by defining a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a community's ability to cope using its own resources, though often caused by nature disasters can have human origins as well. It then discusses various types of natural disasters like lightning, earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis and their causes. The document later discusses disaster management as a process implemented before, during or after catastrophes to enable normal operations to resume quickly. It emphasizes that there is no such thing as a natural disaster, only natural hazards, and that disaster risk reduction aims to reduce damage from hazards through prevention.
This document discusses a computer project on disaster management. It begins by defining a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a community's ability to cope using its own resources, though often caused by nature disasters can have human origins as well. It then discusses various types of natural disasters like lightning, earthquakes, flooding, tsunamis and their causes. The document later discusses disaster management as a process implemented before, during or after catastrophes to enable normal operations to resume quickly. It emphasizes that there is no such thing as a natural disaster, only natural hazards, and that disaster risk reduction aims to reduce damage from hazards through prevention.
A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material, and economic or environmental losses that exceed the communitys or societys ability to cope using its own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can have human origins
The causes of natural disasters
are many. Human activities play a role in the frequency and severity of disasters. A natural disaster is a disruption in the balance of the environment. The human factor raises the cost, in both property damage and loss of life. Understanding the causes of natural disaster can provide clues to their prevention.
Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge during an
electric storm between electrically charged regions of a cloud, between that cloud and another cloud or between a cloud and the ground. The charged regions within the atmosphere temporarily equalize themselves through a lightning flash, commonly referred to as a strike if it hits an object on the ground. Although lightning is always accompanied by the sound of thunder , distant lightning may be seen but may be too far away for the thunder to be heard.
An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by
the sudden breaking and movement of large sections (tectonic plates) of the earth's rocky outermost crust. The edges of the tectonic plates are marked by faults (or fractures). Most earthquakes occur along the fault lines when the plates slide past each other or collide against each other.
Flooding occurs most commonly from heavy
rainfall when natural watercourses do not have the capacity to convey excess water. However, floods are not always caused by heavy rainfall. They can result from other phenomena, particularly in coastal areas where inundation can be caused by a storm surge associated with a tropical cyclone, a tsunami or a high tide coinciding with higher than normal river levels. Dam failure, triggered for example by an earthquake, will result in flooding of the downstream area, even in dry weather conditions.
A tsunami is a wave train, or series of waves, generated in
a body of water by an impulsive disturbance that vertically displaces the water column. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and even the impact of cosmic bodies, such as meteorites, can generate tsunamis. Tsunamis can savagely attack coastlines, causing devastating property damage and loss of life.
Disaster management is a process or strategy that is
implemented before, during or after any type of catastrophic event takes place. This process can be initiated whenever anything threatens to disrupt normal operations or puts people's lives at risk. Governments at all levels as well as many businesses create their own disaster plans that make it possible to overcome various catastrophes and return to functioning normally as quickly as possible.
There is no such thing as a 'natural' disaster, only natural
hazards. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) aims to reduce the damage caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, droughts and cyclones, through an ethic of prevention. Disasters often follow natural hazards. A disaster's severity depends on how much impact a hazard has on society and the environment. The scale of the impact in turn depends on the choices we make for our lives and for our environment. These choices relate to how we grow our food, where and how we build our homes, what kind of government we have, how our financial system works and even what we teach in schools. Each decision and action makes us more vulnerable to disasters - or more resilient to them.