The principal use of

the analytic art is to

bring mathematical
problem to equations
and to exhibit those
equations in the most

Contents
Introduction
Linear equations
Points for solving a

linear equation
Solution of a linear
equation
Graph of a linear
equation in two

Introduction
An excellent characteristic of
equations in two variables is their
adaptability
to graphical
analysis. The rectangular
coordinate system is used in
analyzing equations graphically.
This system of horizontal and
vertical lines, meeting each other at
right angles and thus forming a
rectangular grid, is often called the
Cartesian coordinate system.

Cartesian plane

Introduction
A simple linear equation is an equality between

two algebraic expressions involving an unknown

value called the variable. In a linear equation
the exponent of the variable is always equal to
1. The two sides of an equation are called Right
Hand Side (RHS) and Left-Hand Side (LHS). They
are written on either side of equal sign.

LHS
RHS
4x+3 = 15
2x+5y = 0
-2x+3y= 6

Introduction
A linear equation in two
variables is put in the form of
ax+by+c=0,where a,b,c are
Equation
A
B
C
real numbers,
and
b are
2x+3y=9
2 a
3 and
-9
X+y/4-4=0
3 1/4 -4
not both
zero.
2
0
5
5=2x
Y-2=0
2+x/3=0

0
1/3

1
0

-2
2

Linear equations
A linear equation is an algebraic
equation in which each term is
either a constant or the product of a
constant and a single variable.
Linear equations can have one or
more variables. Linear equations
occur with great regularity in
applied mathematics. While they
arise quite
when modeling
5X+2 naturally
=0
5/2
many phenomena,
they are
particularly useful since many non-4 -3 -2 -1 0may
1 2be
3 reduced
4 5
linear-5equations
to
linear equations by assuming that

Points for solving a

linear equation
the same is added to or subtracted from

both the sides

of equations .
you multiply or divide both the sides of the
equation by the same non-zero number.
5+y-2x=15

5+y-2x-5=15-5

y-2x=10

y-2x

/2=10/2

Solution of a linear
equation
Every linear equation has a unique solution as there
is a single variable in the equation
to be solved
but in a linear equation involving two variables in the
equation, a solution
means a pair of values, one
for x and one for y which satisfy the given equation
Example-p(x)=2x+3y
(1)If x=3
2x+3y=(2x3)+(3xy)=12
therefore the solution is (3,2)
(2)If x=2
2x+3y=(2x2)+(3xy)=12
therefore the solution is (2,8/3)

6+3y=12

4+3y=12

y=2,
y=8/3,

Similarly many another solutions can be taken out from

this single equation. That is ,a linear equation in

two variables has infinitely many solutions.

Graph of a linear
equation in two
variables

Graph of a linear equation is representation

of the linear equation geo.
Observations on a graph Every point whose coordinates
satisfy the equation lies on the line AB .
Every point on the
line AB gives a solution of the equation.
Any point, which does not lie on the line
AB is not a solution of equation.

X+2Y=6

Graph of a linear equation

in two variables
EXAMPLES Graph for the equation-x+y-2=0
If y=2;x=0
If y=4;x=-2
If y=3;x=-1
If y=1;x=1

Equations of lines parallel

to x-axis

The graph ofy y=a is a

straight line parallel to
2y-7=1
(2y-7=1)
the
2y-7+7=1+7x-axis
2y=8
2y/2=8/2
y=4

y=4
x

Equations of lines
parallel to y-axis

The graph ofy x=a is a straigh

(3x-10=5)

3x-10=5
3x=15
x=5

x
x=5

Examples and solutions

Give the values of a, b and c :
-2x+3y=9
a=-2 b=3 c=-9
5x-3y=-4
a=5
b=-3 c=4
3x+2=0
a=3
b=0 c=2
Y-5=0
a=0
b=1 c=-5

Examples and solutions

Write 2 solutions for each:
X+2y=6
If y=1;x=4
If y=2;x=2
2x+y=4
If x=1;y=2
If x=2;y=0
4x-2y=6
If x=1;y=-1
If x=2;y=1

(2,5)

(1,2
)

Draw the graph of

the equation:
2+2y=6x
If x=2;y=5
If x=1;y=2
If x=0;y=-1

2+2
y=6
x

Examples and solutions

(0,
-1
)

Examples and solutions

Give the geometric representation

(-4,3)

(2x+8=0)

of 2x+8=0 as an equation in two

y
variables:

(-4,-3)

y=-4

SUMMARY
An equation of the form ax+by+c=0,wherea,b and c are real

numbers, such that a and b are not both zero, is called a linear
equation in two variables.
A linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions.
The graph of every linear equation in two variables is a straight
line.
X=0 is the equation of the y-axis and y=0 is the equation of the
x-axis
The graph of x=a is a straight line parallel to the y-axis.
The graph of y=a is a straight line parallel to the x-axis.
An equation of the type y=mx represents a line passing through
the origin.
Every point on the graph of a linear equation in two variables is
a solution of the linear equation. Moreover, every solution of the
linear equation is a point on the graph of the linear equation.

MADE BY-

ATMAN WAGLE
C

1X