Anda di halaman 1dari 14

Verb Review:

Perfect System
2014

Perfect System Tense


Review

Finding the Perfect Stem


Find the third principal part of the verb.

duco

ducere

duxi

doctus

The perfect stem is the third principal


part i.
duxi

-i

dux

Perfect Active Tense


The present active tense = Present Stem + Present Active Endings

Singular
First
Person

Second
Person

Third
Person

isti

you

it

he,
she,
it

Plural

imu
s
isti
s

we

erun
t

they

Perfect Active Endings

you

First
Person

dux i

I led
I have led
I did lead

duximus

Second
Person

duxisti

Third
Person

dux it

You led
You have led
You did lead

He led
He has led
He did lead

Perfect Active

dux istis

dux erunt

We led
We have led
We did lead

You led
You have led
You did lead

They led
They have led
They did lead

Perfect Passive Tense


4th PP

+ Present Tense of sum

Perfect Passive
ductus a - um

sum

I have been led

ductus a - um

es

ductus a -um

est

He has been led

ducti ae -a

sumus

We have been led

ducti ae a

estis

You have been led

sunt

They have been led

ducti ae -a

You have been led

Past Perfect/Pluperfect
Tense

D
A
ERA
H
-

D
HA

D
A

HA
D

ERA
HA
D
-

E. Rat HAD
the flu last
winter.

E
.

Past Perfect/Pluperfect
Tense

D
A
ERA
H
-

D
HA

D
A

HA
D

ERA
HA
D
-

Past Perfect/Pluperfect Active Tense


Perfect Stem + era + Personal Endings
dux era m I had led
dux era s
duxera t

You had led


He had led

duxeramus We had led


dux era tis You had led
duxerant They had led

Past Perfect/Pluperfect Passive Tense


4th PP

+ imperfect Tense of Sum

ductus a - um

eram

ductus a - um

eras

You had been led

ductus a -um

erat

He had been led

I had been led

ducti ae -a

eramus

We had been led

ducti ae a

eratis

You had been led

ducti ae -a

erant

They had been led

Future Perfect Active Tense


Perfect Stem

+ eri

+ Present Endings

Pluperfect Active
dux ero
dux eris

I will have led


You will have led

dux eri t

He will have led

dux eri mus

We will have led

dux eri tis

You will have led

dux eri nt

They will have led

Future Perfect Passive Tense


PPP

+ Future Tense of Sum

Future Perfect Passive Tense


ductus a - um

ero

I will have been led

ductus a - um

eris

ductus a -um

erit

He will have been led

ducti ae -a

erimus

We will have been led

ducti ae a

eritis

You will have been led

erunt

They will have been led

ducti ae -a

You will have been led

Perfect Passive System


1. Uses the fourth principal part which is called the perfect passive participle
(PPP).
amo, amare, amavi, amatus. -a. -um
2. The perfect passive participle (PPP) is a verbal adjective and must agree
with the subject of the sentence.
If
If
If
If
If
If

the
the
the
the
the
the

subject
subject
subject
subject
subject
subject

is
is
is
is
is
is

puella (feminine singular), the PPP will be ducta.


puellae (feminine plural), the PPP will be ductae.
vir (masculine singular), the PPP will be ductus.
viri (masculine plural), the PPP will be ducti.
oppidum (neuter singular), the PPP will be ductum.
oppida (neuter plural), the PPP will be ducta.

Anda mungkin juga menyukai