Mobile Train Radio Communicataion

Submitted To:
Presented By:
Suraj Kumar
Talreja
Branch:
Electrical &
Electronics
Roll no.:
0832EX1110
57

Ms. Rinki
Keswani
Mr.Abhishek
Dubey
(Seminar
Coordinator)

&

Contents

Introduction
Background & Origin
Main Features
Main applications & Benefits
Risks
Architecture
Projects
Mobile Train Radio Communications in
India.

Introduction
Mobile Train Radio Communication(MRTC) is
arailway signalingsystem that makes use of the
telecommunicationsbetween thetrainand track
equipment for the traffic management and
infrastructure control.
By means of the CBTC systems, the exact
position of a train is known more accurately than
with the traditional signaling systems.
This results in a more efficient and safe way to
manage the railway traffic
Contnd.

Background & Origin

The main aim of this MRTC system is to increase

capacity by reducing the time interval(headway)
between train travelling along the line.
In Signal System based in the detection of the
trains in discrete sections of the track called
'blocks.
Each block is protected by signals that prevent a
train entering an occupied block.
Since every block is fixed by the infrastructure,
these systems are referred to asfixed
blocksystems.

Now a days, Moving Block is used. Unlike,

traditional Fixed Block each block is not
traditionally defined by the infrastructure.
Besides, the trains themselves are continuously
communicating their exact position to the
equipment in the track by means of a bidirectional link through Radio Communication.
Bombardieropened the world's first radiobased
CBTC
system
atSan
Francisco
airport'sAutomated People Mover(APM) in
February 2003.

A few months later, in June

2003,Alstomintroduced the railway
application of its radio technology on
theSingapore North East Line.

SFOAir Train, inSan Francisco Airport, was the first

radio-based CBTC system deployment in the world

Main Features

In the modern CBTC systems the trains

continuously calculate and communicate
their status via radio to the wayside
equipment distributed along the line.
This status includes, among other
parameters, the exact position, speed,
travel direction andbraking distance.
It also enables the wayside equipment to
define the points on the line that must
never be passed by the other trains on
the same track.

Safety distance (safe-braking distance) between

trains in fixed block and moving block signal
system.

CBTC systems based on moving block

allows the reduction of thesafety
distancebetween
two
consecutive
trains. This distance is varying according
to the continuous updates of the train
location
and
speed,
maintaining
thesafetyrequirements.
Modern CBTC System allows different
levels of automation like GoA1, GoA2,
GoA3, GoA4.

Main Applications &

Benefits

CBTC systems allow optimal use of the

railway infrastructure as well as achieving
maximumcapacityand
minimumheadwaybetween operating trains,
while maintaining thesafetyrequirements.
The evolution of the technology and the
experience gained in operation over the last
30 years means that modern CBTC systems
are more reliable and less prone to failure
than older train control systems.

Risks

The primary risk of a CBTC system is that if the

communications link between any of the trains is
disrupted then all or part of the system might have to
enter afailsafestate until the problem is remedied.
Communications failures can result from equipment
malfunction,electromagnetic
interference,
weak
signal strength or saturation of the communications
medium.
In this case, an interruption can result in a service
brake oremergency brakeapplication as real time
situational awareness is a critical safety requirement
for CBTC

CBTC systems that make use of wireless

communications link have a much largerattack
surfaceand can be subject to various types
ofhacking.
With the increasing application of CBTC system,
there is an immense pressure over the
international community to reserve a frequency
band especially for Train Radio Communication.
Such decision would help to standarize the
CBTC systems across the market and ensure
availability for those critical systems.

Architecture

The typical architecture of a modern CBTC system

comprises the following main sub systems:
Wayside
equipment,
which
includes
theinterlockingand the subsystems controlling
every zone in the line or network (typically
containing
the
waysideATPandATOfunctionalities). Depending
on thesuppliers, the architectures may be
centralized or distributed. The control of the
system is performed from a central commandATS,
though local control subsystems may be also
included as a fallback.

CBTC onboard equipment,

includingATPandATOsubsystems in the
vehicles.
Train to wayside communication
subsystem, currently based onradio
links.

Architecture

The following logical components may be found

generally in a typical CBTC architecture:
Onboard ATP system. This subsystem is in
charge of the continuous control of the train
speed according to the safety profile, and
applying the brake if it is necessary.
Onboard ATO system. It is responsible for the
automatic control of the traction and braking
effort in order to keep the train under the
threshold established by the ATP subsystem.

Wayside ATP system. This subsystem

undertakes the management of all the
communications with the trains in its area.
Additionally, it calculates the limits of movement
authority that every train must respect while
operating in the mentioned area.
Wayside ATO system. It is in charge of
controlling the destination and regulation targets
of every train. The wayside ATO functionality
provides all the trains in the system with their
destination as well as with other data such as the
dwell time in the stations

Communication system. The CBTC systems

integrate adigital networked radiosystem by
means ofantennasorleaky feedercable for the
bi-directional communication between the track
equipment and the trains. The 2,4GHzbandis
commonly used in these systems (same asWi-Fi).
ATS system. The ATS system is commonly
integrated within most of the CBTC solutions. Its
main task is to act as the interface between the
operator and the system, managing the traffic
according to the specific regulation criteria.

Automatic Transit
System(ATS)

Projects

Mobile Train Rodio Communication In

India

Mobile Train Radio Communication (MTRC)

over IR was introduced during 1980s in
Nagpur Durg, Nagpur Itarsi and
Nagpur Bhusawal sections of SER and
CR zones of IR.
Although
the
system
met,
the
requirements of MTRC, yet bulky handsets
provided to drivers and guards and
logistic for its charging made this system
very un-popular.

GSM(R) based MTRC works were

sanctioned during 2005 and deployed
over NFR, ER, NCR and NR zones purely
for train control communication purpose.
The investment of around 975 million
INR remains gainfully unutilised.

As per report published on Nov. 10, 2013 in Times of India

"We are implementing MobileTrainRadio Communication
(MTRC) system which would provide better communication
between the control room and the driver in speeding trains,"
said a seniorRailway Ministryofficialinvolved with the
project.
The system will provide control rooms with emergency brake
for trains which can be used in case of signal violation by
drivers.
While the MRTC system is currently being installed in the
2264-km route including Delhi-Ludhiana, Howrah-Mughalsarai
andKolkataMetro sections, 2235-km-long route including the
New Delhi-Howrah and New Delhi-Jammu will be equipped
with the modern communication system by March next year.

Literature Survey

CBTC Radios- What to DO? Which way to

go? By Tom sullivan asses that Continuous
bi-directional communications forms the
heart of CBTC technology. By using twoway communications instead of traditional
fixed block track circuits some transit
operators have been able to realize
significant performance improvements
while at the same time increasing safety
and lowering operating costs.

References

Semi-automatic, driverless, and unattended

operation of trains .IRSE-ITC, 2010. Accessed
through www.irse-itc.net in June 2011.
CBTC: ms trenes en hora punta. Comunidad de
Madrid, www.madrig.org, 2010. Accessed June
2011
Busiest Subways. Matt Rosenberg for
About.com, Part of the New York Times
Company. Accessed July 2011
CBTC radios: What to do? Which way to go?Tom
Sullivan, 2005.