PHARMACOTHERAPEUTI

CS
A Brief Introduction and Overview of Concepts

K a t h e r i n e K yr a D . Al o n d a y, R P h
MS Pharmacy Candidate
G r a d u a t e S c h o o l , U n i v e r s i t y o f S a n t o Tom a s

PHARMACOTHERAPEU
TICS
Therapy using Pharmaceutical Drugs1
S t u d y o f t h e U s e s a n d E ff e c t s o f
drugs2
T h e Fo c u s i s t h e Pa t i e n t , n o t t h e
drug nor the disease.3
Achievement of the Therapeutic
Goal: a clinical Purpose, a Cure, or
Prevention4

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
in relation with
PHARMACOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGY The science of drugs
(origin, composition, pharmacokinetics,
therapeutic use, and toxicology)
Pharmacotherapeutics is a SUBTOPIC of
P h ar m ac ol og y.

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
and the
ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
D I S E A S E S TAT E D E F I N I T I O N
C L I N I C A L P R E S E N TAT I O N
P AT H O P H Y S I O L O G Y
T R E AT M E N T
D E S I R E D O U TC O M E
MONITORING

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
DISEASE
S TAT E
DEFINITION

To b e e q u i p p e d w i t h t h e b a s i c k n o w l e d g e
about the different diseases
To b e a b l e t o r e c o g n i z e a n a i l m e n t a n d
respond to it through evidence-based
practices
To b e a b l e t o a p p l y t h e o r y i n r e a l - l i f e
situations

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
CLINICAL
M A N I F E S TAT I
ON

To b e a b l e t o r e c o g n i z e a n d c o n f i r m
specific accurate clinical manifestation/
(s) of the many different diseases
SIGNS(objective): Laboratory results,
Pain, Rashes, X-ray results, etc.
SYMPTOMS(subjective): Stomach ache,
Fatigue, etc.

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
PAT H O P H Y S I O L O G Y

To k n o w f u n d a m e n t a l k n o w l e d g e o n n o r m a l
and abnormal physiology
To u n d e r s t a n d t h e d i s e a s e p r o c e s s i n t h e
biological system
To a n a l yz e t h e d i s e a s e a n d l e a r n h o w t o
resolve it
To p r o v i d e a p p r o p r i a t e t h e r a p y, t r e a t m e n t
or measures of prevention

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
T R E AT M E N T

To p r o v i d e q u a l i t y h e a l t h c a r e s e r v i c e s
through rational therapy/treatment
Not necessarily drugs; can be in the form
of rehabilitation and other nonpharmacologic interventions
Epitome of the professional practice of
Pharmacist

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
T R E AT M E N T

Includes several factors like:

Drug selection guidelines
Dosing recommendations
Adverse effects
Pharmacokinetic considerations
Drugdrug, Drug-disease, Drugfood and other interactions

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
DESIRED OUTCOME

The regimen must be directed towards a

definite and specific positive goal.
The goal must be measurable.
The desired outcome must be achieved
at the end of the therapy/regimen.

ROLE OF PHARMACISTS
MONITORING

Monitoring does not stop at the last dose

of the drug.
Patient compliance must be, if possible,
monitored.
Extended-care provided by the
pharmacist
ADRs must be properly reported.

APPROACHES IN
PHARMACOTHERAPEU
TICS
APPROACHES:
1.By Disease
Pharmacotherapy is based on the
primary knowledge on the disease,
its severity, progression and
prognosis
2 . B y D r u g C l a s s i fi c a t i o n
3 . B y P h y s i o l o g i c a l Ta r g e t

APPROACHES IN
PHARMACOTHERAPEU
TICS
APPROACHES:
1.By Disease
2 . B y D r u g C l a s s i fi c a t i o n
Pharmacotherapy is based on the
appropriate drug group and
s p e c i fi c a t i o n s ; t h e i r k n o w n s i d e e ff e c t s
shall patterned to the known allergies
and co-existing diseases or general
needs of the patient
3 . B y P h y s i o l o g i c a l Ta r g e t

APPROACHES IN
PHARMACOTHERAPEU
TICS
APPROACHES:
1.By Disease
2 . B y D r u g C l a s s i fi c a t i o n
3 . B y P h y s i o l o g i c a l Ta r g e t
Pharmacotherapy is based on the
s p e c i fi c c e l l , t i s s u e , o r g a n o r p a r t
targeted.
An example are chemotherapeutic
d r u g s t h a t a r e s p e c i fi c a l l y i n d i c a t e d f o r
d i ff e r e n t c a n c e r t y p e s a n d t h e e x t e n t
or severity of cancer metastasis.