What is Electricity?
Electricity is the movement of
electrons.
Fundamental quantities include:
Volts
Current
Resistance
3 get a
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Ohms Law
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A complete circuit
complete Circuit or loop
is necessary for current to flow
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A complete Circuit
is necessary for
current to flow
Bird on HT wires
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Voltages
Low Tension
0 => 50V
High Tension
1KV +
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Electricity - associated
Indirect Injury
Hazards
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N
L
N
E
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RCD
Residual Current Device
RCCB
Residual Current Circuit Breaker
ELCB
Electric Leakage Circuit Breaker
MCB
Magnetic Circuit Breakers
RCBO
Residual Current Breaker
with Overcurrent protection
current difference of
>30 mA
for a duration of
>30 ms
L
N
N
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The
The
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RF & W
HT
Static, OK [Very low current, moderate power]
Will jump considerable distances, beware of capacitors
Power
Heating effect in body
=> internal burns / damage
Contact burns, deep burns & necrosis
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Electrical Appliances
Safety guiding principle
keep currents and voltages inside apparatus and
away from our bodies
Enclosures
Insulation
Safe & secure connections
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Brown
Live - power
Blue
Neutral
Green/yellow
Earth
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Common
Hazards
Shocks.
Burns.
Explosions.
Fires.
Sensation on hands.
Painful shock which can cause
indirect accidents.
>10ma:
Muscle contraction, no-let-go
danger.
>30ma:
Lung paralysis
>50ma:
Possible ventricular fibrillation.
100ma - 4A: Certain ventricular
fibrillation
Protective
Triangle
Keep Away
Grounding
GFCI
Electrocution
Triangle
Electricity
Path
Time
Fatality
An employee received a fatal electric
shock while operating a high pressure
water sprayer which was connected to a
portable light with a receptacle built into
the handle. The portable light was being
used as an extension cord, and was not
approved for wet or damp locations. The
electrical cord had been spliced and the
cord had been laying in water at the time
of the accident.
Fatality
Blocked Electrical
Panels
Strain on
Conductors
Exposed Live
Parts
Exposed live
parts
Missing
breakers inside
of circuit
breaker panel
Ungrounded Cords
Ground pin
missing on
extension
cord
Damaged
Faceplate
Utility Boxes
Utility boxes
are not
approved for
usage as
extension
cords.
Receptacles in Wet
Locations
Receptacles in
wet or damp
locations need
covers.
Receptacles in Wet
Locations
Damaged
Faceplate
Portable Electric
Tools
Inspect before usage.
Remove from service
tools with damaged
cords.
Use grounded or
double insulated tools.
Check continuity of
tool.
Hazard
Assessment
Employers are required to assess
the workplace to determine if
hazards that require the use of
personal protective equipment are
present or are likely to be present.
Personal Protective
Equipment
Head protection - overhead hazards
Eye protection - grinding, chipping, or
sawing operations.
Hearing protection - noisy environments
Respiratory protection - exposure levels
exceed permissible exposure limits.
Foot protection - falling, rolling, or sharp
object.
Rubber Gloves
Must be air tested daily
before usage.
Must be electrically
tested every 6 months
or replaced.
Before issuance gloves
may be stored for up to
1 year without being
tested.