ASSIGNMENT: MIS & E-COMMERCE

TOPIC:ROBOTS & ROBOTICS

GROUP MEMBERS

REGISTRAION NUMBERS

AMJADHUSSAIN
3500-FMS-BBA-S12
AHMADALI
3499-FMS-BBA-S12
MAJID
3474-FMS-BBA-S12

ROBOT
"A re-programmable, multifunctional
mechanical manipulator designed to move
material, parts, tools, or specialized devices
through various programmed motions for the
performance of a variety of tasks."
From the Robot Institute of America, 1979
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Sensing
Movement
Energy
Intelligence

ROBOTICS
It is the branch of technology that deals with
the design, construction, operation, and
application of robots as well as computer
systems for their control, sensory feedback, and
information processing. These technologies deal
with automated machines that can take the
place of humans in dangerous environments or
manufacturing processes, or resemble humans
in appearance, behavior, and/or cognition.

History of Robotics: I

The first industrial

robot: UNIMATE

1954: The first programmable

robot is designed by George
Devol, who coins the term
Universal Automation. He later
shortens this to Unimation,
which becomes the name of
the first robot company (1962).

UNIMATE originally automated

the manufacture of TV picture
tubes

History of Robotics: II
1978: The Puma (Programmable
Universal Machine for Assembly) robot
is developed by Unimation with a
General Motors design support

PUMA 560 Manipulator

History of Robotics: III

1980s: The robot industry enters a phase of rapid growth. Many institutions
introduce programs and courses in robotics. Robotics courses are spread across
mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and computer science
departments.

Adept's SCARA
robots

Cognex In-Sight
Robot

Barrett Technology
Manipulator

History of Robotics: IV

1995-present:
Emerging applications
in small robotics and
mobile robots drive a
second growth of startup companies and
research
2003: NASAs Mars Exploration Rovers launched toward Mars in search of
answers about the history of water on Mars

LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS IN ROBOTS

Japan is hoping for a setup of full-scale
commercialization of service robots in coming
future i.e. by the year 2025.
Another important example where latest
technology in robotics is being implemented is the
development of Windows for robots system by
Microsoft. It is being develop in the Robotics
Developer Studio since 2007.

Thus, we see that there is lot of hard work and

dedicated research going on to make more
intelligent robots.

TYPES OF ROBOTS ACCORDING TO APPLICATIONS

Industrial Robots

are found in a variety of locations

including the automobile and
manufacturing industries.

Robots in Space
are named as Remotely Operated Vehicle
(ROV). It can be consistent with an unmanned
spacecraft that remains in flight or a lander that
makes contact with an extraterrestrial body and
operates from a stationary position, or a rover
that can move over terrain once it has landed.

Educational Robots
one example is the Hex Avoider.
It is a programmable mobile robot designed to move
independently and avoid obstacles. Hex avoider use
infrared emitters and receivers to sense its environment.
Their roll is demonstrational for teaching basic concepts
and gets the attention of future engineers to this field
Mobile Robots (Transportation)
these types of robot operate by control remote
deploying sensor position. Their roll consist of sampling
payloads, mapping surface and creating a photorealistic
3D models and sent back any kind of visual information
of building interiors and any environmental data.

Agricultural Robots
one example is the Demeter harvester it
contains new controllers, proximity sensors,
safeguards and task software specialized to
the needs of commercial agriculture
processes.
Health Care Robots
they are able to perform simple task and
improve some medical protocol and
procedures.

ASIMO
Made by: Honda
Height: 1.2m
ASIMO stands for: Advanced Step
in Innovative Mobility,
it also takes its name from
robotic visionary Isaac Asimov.

Purpose:
Began in 1986 as a
study into human movement
and has since evolved intoa robot capable of a
wide range of tasks.

What can it do?

It can walk,
run, turn corners,recognize hand gestures
, carry objects,dance and climb up and down stairs.
Features:
May be the most advanced humanoid robot in the world.
Can perform simple tasks, such as switching on a light switch.

APPLICATIONS OF ROBOTS
Outer Space
Manipulative arms that are controlled by a human are used to
unload the docking bay of space shuttles to launch satellites or to
construct a space station
Home
Automated systems can now monitor home security,
environmental conditions and energy usage. Door and windows can
be opened automatically and appliances such as lighting and air
conditioning can be preprogrammed to activate. This assists
occupants irrespective of their state of mobility.
Military Robots
Airborne robot drones are used for surveillance in today's modern
army. In the future automated aircraft and vehicles could be used to
carry fuel and ammunition or clear minefields

Exploration
Robots can visit environments that are harmful to humans.
An example is monitoring the environment inside a volcano or
exploring our deepest oceans. NASA has used robotic probes for
planetary exploration since the early sixties
Agriculture
Automated harvesters can cut and gather crops. Robotic
dairies are available allowing operators to feed and milk their
cows remotely
The Car Industry
Robotic arms that are able to perform multiple tasks are
used in the car manufacturing process. They perform tasks such
as welding, cutting, lifting, sorting and bending.

Hospitals
Under development is a robotic suit that will enable
nurses to lift patients without damaging their backs.
Scientists in Japan have developed a power-assisted suit
which will give nurses the extra muscle they need to lift their
patients - and avoid back injuries.
Disaster Areas
Surveillance robots fitted with advanced sensing and
imaging equipment can operate in hazardous environments
such as urban setting damaged by earthquakes by scanning
walls, floors and ceilings for structural integrity.
Entertainment
Interactive robots that exhibit behaviors and learning
ability. SONY has one such robot which moves freely, plays
with a ball and can respond to verbal instructions.

INDUSTRIES USING ROBOTS

Agriculture
Automobile
Construction
Entertainment
Health care: hospitals, patient-care, surgery , research, etc.
Laboratories: science, engineering , etc.
Law enforcement: surveillance, patrol, etc.
Manufacturing
Military: demining, surveillance, attack, etc.
Mining, excavation, and exploration
Transportation: air, ground, rail, space, etc.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS

ADVANTAGES:

Quality:
Industrial automated robots have the capacity to
dramatically improve product quality. Applications are
performed with precision and high repeatability every
time. This level of consistency can be hard to achieve any
other way.
Production:
With robots, throughput speeds increase, which directly
impacts production. Because an automated robot has the
ability to work at a constant speed without pausing for
breaks, sleep, vacations, it has the potential to produce
more than a human worker.

Safety:
Robots increase workplace safety. Workers are moved to
supervisory roles where they no longer have to perform
dangerous applications in hazardous settings.
Savings:
Improved worker safety leads to financial savings. There
are fewer healthcare and insurance concerns for
employers. Automated robots also offer untiring
performance which saves valuable time. Their movements
are always exact, minimizing material waste.
Accessories and sensor can have capabilities beyond
humans
Can process multiple stimuli or tasks simultaneously.

DISADVANTAGES:
Expense:
The initial investment to integrated automated robotics into
your business is significant, especially when business owners
are limiting their purchases to new robotic equipment. The cost
of robotic automation should be calculated in light of a business'
greater financial budget. Regular maintenance needs can have
a financial toll as well.
ROI:
Incorporating industrial robots does not guarantee results.
Without planning, companies can have difficulty achieving their
goals.
Expertise:
Employees will require training program and interact with
the new robotic equipment. Thisnormally takes time and
financial output.

Safety:
Robots may protect workers from some hazards, but in
the meantime, their very presence can create other safety
problems. These new dangers must be taken into
consideration.

Robots replace human workers creating economic

problems. E.g. lost salaries, social problems
(dissatisfaction and resentment among workers)
Difficult to construct strategies that will achieve complex,
novel tasks
Requires redesign of control system for new tasks