Water
Lesson objectives
2) Explain the importance of water
as a solvent in transport including
its dipole nature.
~1,260,000,000,000,000,000,000
litres
Polar Molecule
Hydrogen bonding
Properties of water
Going to look at each of the follow
properties of water:
water as a solvent
heat capacity
latent heat of vaporisation
density
Cohesion & surface tension
Water as a solvent
Water is an excellent solvent for ionic (e.g. salt)
and some covalent substances (e.g. glucose)
H+ attracts the ve
anion (Cl-)
O - attracts the +ve
cation (Na+)
As the substance
gets spread out in
the water it
dissolves
Water as a solvent
Dissolving covalent substance
e.g. glucose
Glucose doesnt come
apart like salt.
-OH group is a dipole
H+ of water is
attracted to O - of
glucoses OH group
O - of water is
attracted to H+ of
glucoses OH group
This separates
Importance of water as a
solvent
Metabolic reactions normally take
place in solution molecules & ions
need to be free to move.
Enables transportation of substances
e.g. blood plasma is mainly water
Enables osmotic effect
Thermal Properties
Individual hydrogen bonds are weak but
collectively they make water very stable.
Latent heat of
vaporisation
Water Density
Water density
Surface ice acts as an insulator,
allowing aquatic organisms to
live in the water below
The temperature gradient
within the water column causes
circulation of nutrients (e.g. O2)
This allows
the translocation of water in the xylem
Small organisms can skate over water.
And finally...
dipola
A water molecule is ___________
because it
has a positive and a rnegative pole as a
electrons
result of the uneven distribution
of
___________ within it. This creates attractive
forces
called ______________ between water
hydrogen
molecules,
causing them to stick together.
bonds
This stickiness, otherwise
called _________,
cohesio
of water means n
that its molecules are
pulled inward surface
at its surface. This force is
called _____________.
is the raw
tension Water
photosynthe
material for the process of _____________ in
sis
lubricant
green plants and acts as
a __________ in
the synovial joints of animals.
Homework
Using todays notes and further
research, write an essay on the
biological importance of water.
There are other things which I havent
included!