Iub
Iu
RNC
MSC
MGW
IUR
RNC
WCDMA RAN
UE
NAS messages
SGSN
GGSN
Core Network
Signaling
MSC
MGW
data
RNC
PS Domain
Iu-PS
GGSN
In band Signaling
Direct tunneling
Iu-Bc
SGSN
Broadcast domain
CBC
CellBroadcastcenter
WCDMA RAN
Core Network
The Iu interface to the circuit switched domain, i.e. to the MSC, is referred to as Iu-CS.
The Iu interface to the packet switched domain, i.e. to the SGSN, is referred to as Iu-PS.
User Data
010
010
addressing110010
110010
UE
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
(Network layer )
oLayer 3 consists of one protocol, called Radio Resource Control (RRC), which belong to
the control plane.
o Function of RRC is to establish SRB between the UE and the RNC to handle most of
the control signals.
oRRC controls the lower layers
Control Plane
NAS
RRC
Layer 3
Note :
o Messages that are not meant for the RAN but for the CN are called Non Access
Stratum (NAS)
o Transferred transparently over the WCDMA RAN.
NAS
Layer 3
RRC
Signaling Radio Bearers
Radio Bearers
RLC
MAC
RLC layer (Radio Link Control)
oRLC layer provides service in both
A-Control plane is called Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)
is called a Radio Bearer (RB)
oSignaling Radio Bearer, SRB
Signaling messages between the UE and the RNC.
oRadio Bearer, RB.
User data transport between the UE and the RNC.
Layer 2
B-User plane it
RLC
Logical Channels
Logical Channels
RLC
RLC
Logical Channels
Logical Channels
MAC
Transport Channels
Layer 2
Control Plane
User Plan (User data)
NAS
RRC
Layer 3
RB
SRB
RLC
Logical Channels
MAC
Logical Channels
Layer 2
Transport Channels
Physical Layer
Layer 1
Control Plane
User Plan (User data)
Control Plane
User Plan (User da
RRC
L3
RRC
RN
C
L3
SRB
Radio
Bearer
RLC
Logical Channels
RLC
Logical Channels
L2
MAC
MAC
FP
Transport Channels
Laye
r1
PHY
L1
FP
AAL
2
ATM
Lay
er 1
L2
Transport Channel
AAL
2
ATM
PHY
L1
RAB
CN-CS
Signaling connection
UTRAN
RAB
CN-PS
Signaling connection
RA
B
Radio
Bearer
SC
SRB
Iu Signaling
Bearer
Iu
Bearer
CN
RNC
RRC
Iu Signaling
Channel
Bearer
--------------Signaling
Radio
Radi
Bearer--------------------------------------------------------------------Signaling
o
Connection--------------------------Link
Traffic
Channel
--------------Radio
Iu
Bearer
Bearer---------------------------------------------------------------------------RAB--------------------------------------------
RNC
CN
Conversational
--------------------------------------Voice Call
HSDPA RAB
--------------------------------------Streaming (TV)
HSDPA RAB
--------------------------------------interactive
(Browsing)
HSDPA RAB
--------------------------------------Background
Iu-PS Signaling
(Email)
(RANAP)
SRB
SGSN
Iu-CS Signaling
MGW
(RANAP)
oA user can have several RABs in case several services are required for
this user.
Fundamental
characteristi
cs
Conversation
al class
conversation
al RT
Streaming
class
streaming RT
Interactive
class
Interactive
best effort
Background
Background
best
effort
High
Protection
as there is no
Retransmissio
n Protocol
No Delays in
both ways
High
Protection
as there is no
Retransmissio
n Protocol
Request and
Response
Re
transmission
Protocols are
used
Delays are
Accepted
Web
browsing
Emails
Mini Delay
(Buffers
compensate
the Delays)
Example of
the
application
voice
streaming
video
NAS messages
Uu
Nod
e-B
RN
C
IUB
Peer
NAS
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
Layer
1
IU
FP
AAL
2
FP
AAL
2
CN
RANA
P
SCCP
MTP
-3b
NAS
RANA
P
SCCP
MTP
-3b
AAL5
AAL5
NNI
-SAAL
NNI
-SAAL
Laye
r 1 ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
Laye
r1
Laye
r1
Layer 1
Layer 1
oCell Update
RRC Connection Request
oCell Update Confirm
RRC Connection Setup
oActive Set Update
RRC Connection Reject
oActive Set Update Complete
RRC Connection Setup Complete
oActive Set Update Failure
RRC Connection Release
RRC Connection Release Complete
Paging Type 1
Paging Type 2
Radio Bearer Setup
Radio Bearer Setup Complete
Radio Bearer Setup Failure
Radio Bearer Reconfiguration
Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete
Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete Failure
Radio Bearer Release
Radio Bearer Release Complete
Radio Bearer Release Failure
Physical Channel Reconfiguration
Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete Failure
DL idle
BCCH
(Logical)
BCH(Transport)
DL FACH
BCCH
(Logical)
FACH(Transport)
WCDMA RAN
P-CCPCH(*)
Primary Common Control
Physical Ch.
S-CCPCH
Secondary Common Control
Physical Ch..
DL Idle
DL DCH
FACH
WCDMA RAN
WCDMA RAN
PCCH (Logical)
Paging Control
Ch.
PCH
(Transport)
Paging Ch.
DCCH(Logical)
FACH
(Transport)
S-CCPCH (Physical)
Secondary Common Control
Physical Ch.
WCDMA
RAN
Connected
Mode
RRC Connection Setup Complete
DCCH/DCH
UL
CCCH (Logical
Channel)
Common Control
Ch.
RACH (Transport
Channel)
Rand access ch
PRACH
(Physical Ch.)
DL
CCCH (Logical
Channel)
Common Control
Ch.
FACH (Transport
Channel)
Forward Access Ch.
S-CCPCH
Secondary Common Control
(Physical Ch.)
CELL_FACH
PICH
URA_PCH
URA_PCH no
uplink channel in
cell pch
GNALING CONNECTION
oSignaling Connection is a connection between one Core Network (CN) and one UE
oThe Signaling Connection consists
one RRC Connection over RAN
one or two signaling connection over Iu interface
oEstablishment of the first Signaling Connection is initiated by the UE as soon as the
RRC Connection is successfully established.
Note that only one RRC Connection is used.
MSC
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
PS
S
C
S
C
CS
CN 1
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
RAN
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
S
C
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
UE
One RRC
Connection
SGSN
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
CN 2
area
updating
S
C
RNC
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
UE
One RRC
Connection
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
RAN
MSC
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
CN 1
S
C
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
UE
One RRC
Connection
RNC
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
RAN
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
MSC
RANAP
RANAP
Iu Transport
IuLayer
Transport
Layer
CN 1
CN
CN
(i
Check Iu resources
-------------------------------------------------RAB-------------------------------------------------------------RB------------------
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
UE
RRC
RRC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
RAB Assignment
Request
RANAP
RANAP
Iu
Iu
Transport
Transport
Layer
Layer
RAN
RANAP
RANAP
Iu
Iu
Transport
Transport
Layer
Layer
CN
RAB Assignment
Request
CN
RNC
RAB Assignment
Request
CN
RNC
RAB Assignment
Request
CN
RNC
Admission
Control,
L UPDATE
UL
DL
CCCH
(Logical)
DCCH(Logical
)
RACH(Transport)
FACH(Transport)
S-CCPCH (Physical)
Secondary Common Control
Physical
RLC Protocols
RLC Protocols
Uu
User data
RLC LAYER 2
RLC LAYER 2
RLC PCI
RLC PDU
User data
RLC SDU
RLC
PCI
RLC SDU
RLC
PCI
Payload
MAC Layer 2
Payload
MAC layer 2
MAC SDU
Layer 1
MAC SDU
Layer 1
LC Protocols(Contd)
RLC Functions
RL
C
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
Payload
Payload
Payload
User data
RL
C
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
Payload
Payload
Payload
MAC SDU
MAC SDU
data 1
2-Concatenation
If the contents of an RLC SDU do not fill
RLC PDU
So I can concatenate in the PDU and use
the headers PCI to know the blocks
RLC
RLC
PCI
RLC PDU
SDU 2
RLC
SDU
SDU 1
LC Protocols(Contd)
RLC Functions
data 1
RLC
3-Padding
Data to be transmitted does not fill an entire RLC
SDU of given size,
The remainder of the data field is filled with
padding bits.
RLC
PCI
RLC PDU
Dummy
bits
RLC
SDU
SDU
1
RLC
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
Payload
Payload
Payload
Buffer
Buffer
Buffer
I have to put the data in buffer and Release it once I get ACK If get NACK I retransmit
the data in the buffer
LC Protocols(Contd)
RLC Functions
Unacknowledged Mode (UM)
Some data to through and get changed but no retransmissions happened
(Streaming )
User data
RLC
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC
PCI
RLC
PCI
Payload
Payload
LC Protocols(Contd)
RLC Functions
5-In-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs
RLC
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
User
data
1
2
3
MAC SDU
RLC
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
RLC PDU
1
2
3
MAC SDU
6-Duplicate detection
Ensures that PDU is delivered only once to the upper layer.
7-Error correction
This function provides error correction by retransmission in the acknowledged
data transfer mode.
Operate in
ACK mode
8-Flow control
Keep the data in buffer until the resources are ready (Control the rate of
transmission)
ta from RLC layer and put them on the Right transport channel
RLC
Logical Channels
Layer 2
MAC
Transport Channel
PCCH
BCCH
CCCH
DCCH DTCH
MAC -D
MAC
-e
MAC
-hs
E-DCH
HS -DSCH
MAC C
PCH
FACH
RACH
DCH
Physical Layer
Transport channels
Channel Coding
Multiplexing
Mapping to physical
channels
Spreading
Modulation
Air interface
Thanks You