Granulation

Presented by:
Syed Waqas Haider
1

Process Engineer

Definition
Granulation is the process of collecting

particles together by creating bonds

between them. Bonds are formed by
compression or by using a binding
agent

Types of Granulation
Dry Granulation

without using a liquid solution

Wet Granulation

addition of a liquid solution (with or

without binder)

Dry Granulation
Primary powder particles are aggregated

under high pressure

Roller
Compactio
n

Powder is
squeezed
between two
rollers to
produce sheet of
material

Dry
granulation

Slugging

Large tablets
produce in
heavy duty
tablet press

Wet Granulation
This class of process includes Fluid beds,

tumbling drums & pans, and mixergranulators

Mechanism
Wetting, nucleation and binder distribution
Consolidation and growth
Attrition and breakage

Fluidized bed Granulation

Granulation and drying in

the same equipment

Granulation is controlled
by moisture content of the
bed
Too high moisture content
will defluidize the bed and
in too low moisture, no
agglomeration will occur
Granules obtained are
more porous than those
obtained from shear
mixers
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Fluidized bed Granulator

Spray
Arrangements

Tumbling Granulation
Particles are set in motion by the tumbling

action caused by the balance between

gravity and centrifugal forces
Includes discs, drums, pans and a range of
similar equipment

Characteristics of tumbling
granulators
Product granule size in the range of 2 to

20mm
Not suitable for producing very small
granules
Good for producing high density balls or
pallets
Capable of handling very large throughputs
Extensively used in mineral processing and
fertilizer granulation
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Disc Granulator
Rotating disc with a rim

to hold the tumbling

granules
Powder feed
continuously fed to the
disc, typically at the
edge of the rotating
granulator bed
Liquid binder is added
through a series of
single fluid nozzles
distributed across the
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face of the bed

Drum granulator
Typically used for high capacity applications and

usually requires some type of recycle depending

on the product specification
Granulation where the only feed or the majority
of the feed is a liquid or melt such as urea
granulation
Feeds may be either pre-moistened by mixers to
form granule nuclei or liquid may be sprayed
onto the tumbling bed via nozzles or distributor
pipe system
Scrapers are often but not always used to limit
build up on the drum wall
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Drum Granulator

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Mixer-Granulator
The High Shear Mixer-Granulator is a multi-purpose

processor equally suitable for high speed dispersion

of dry powders, and aqueous or solvent granulations
Melt Granulation: Melt agglomeration is a process

by which agglomeration is obtained through the

addition of either a molten binder liquid or a solid
binder which melts during the process
Agglomerates are formed by agitation of the mixture
The mechanism of melt granulation is similar to that
of wet granulation

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Mixer-Granulator

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Double shaft paddle Mixer-Granulator

Dual counter-rotating shafts run the length of the device
The paddles move material from the bottom of the trough, up

the middle, and back down the sides creating a kneading

and folding effect that intimately mixes the material
Typical Use: Mixing, conditioning, or agglomerating

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Granulators in different
Industries

4/6/15

References
The Science and Engineering of granulation-

(books.google.com)
Granulation - (books.google.com)
http://www.slideshare.net/NAMDEOSHINDE15/gra
nulation-ppt
http://www.fertilizermachine.org/rotary-drumgranulator.html
http://www.slideshare.net/svpv14/characterizatio
n-of-granules
http://feeco.com/2013/12/27/choosing-industrialmixer-pin-mixers-paddle-mixers/
http://www.scribd.com/doc/113643719/PPT-WetGranulation
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