Owa330011 Bssap Protocol Analysis Issue 1.0

BSSAP Protocol
Analysis
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
References
GSM TS 0808
Page2
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Outline the main function of BSSAP protocol
Describe the main procedure of BSSAP
Page3
Contents
1.
BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles
2.
BSSAP Main Procedure Analysis
Page4
Contents
1.
2.
Page5
Contents
1.

1.1 Protocol Stacks
1.2 BSSAP Protocol Functions
1.3 BSSAP Message Structure
Page6
BSSAP Protocol of A Interface
Base Station Subsystem Application Part (BSSAP) is

the application protocol used on the A interface to
the GSM network. Information carried through this
interface includes:
Mobile station management

BSSAP
Base station management
Mobility management
Connection management
MSOFTX3000
BSC
A
Internal
interface
UMG8900
BSS
MSC/VLR
Page7
Protocol Stacks
Page8
Contents
1.

1.1 Protocol Stacks
Page9
BSSAP Protocol
BSC side
To air interface
transmission
equipment
DTAP
A interface
MSC side
To other
process
within BSC
To other application
E.g. call control
BSSMAP
BSSMAP
Distribution Function
BSSAP
DTAP
Distribution Function
BSSAP
SCCP
SCCP
MTP
MTP
Page10
Components of BSSAP Protocol
BSSAP protocol is composed of:
BSSMAP: Base Station Subsystem Management Application

Part;
BSSMAP messages control service process, and are handled by the

internal functional module of corresponding A interface.
DTAP: Direct Transfer Application Part
For DTAP messages, the A interface only functions as a transport

channel. At BSS side, DTAP messages are directly conveyed to a
radio channel; at NSS side, DTAP messages are carried to the
corresponding functional processing unit.
Distribution Function: distribute the message to BSSMAP/DTAP
Page11
Classification of BSSMAP
Procedures
There are two types of BSSMAP procedures:
Connectionless procedures
It is a global procedure which concerns a complete cell or BSS,

or specific terrestrial circuits.
It uses the connectionless services of the SCCP
Connection-oriented procedures
It is a dedicated procedure which concerns a single dedicated

radio resource on the radio interface, or in the case of a multi
slot configuration, all radio resources allocated to one mobile
station.
It uses the connection oriented services of the SCCP, on the
connection which has been set up to support that call or
transaction
Page12
Connectionless Procedures of
BSSMAP
Procedure
Messages
Blocking
BLOCK
BLOCKING ACKNOWLEDGE
UNBLOCK
UNBLOCKING ACKNOWLEDGE
Resource indication
RESOURCE REQUEST
RESOURCE INDICATION
Reset
RESET
RESET ACK
Handover candidate enquiry
HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE

HANDOVER CANDIDATE RESPONSE
Paging
PAGING
Flow control
OVERLOAD
Reset circuit
RESET CIRCUIT
RESET CIRCUIT ACKNOWLEDGE
Page13
Connection-oriented Procedures of
BSSMAP
Procedures
Messages
Assignment
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
Handover required indication
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT
Handover resource allocation
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
HANDOVER FAILURE
Handover execution
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER DETECT
HANDOVER COMPLETE
HANDOVER SUCCEEDED
Release
CLEAR REQUEST
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
Classmark update
CLASSMARK UPDATE
Page14
Connection-oriented Procedures of
BSSMAP
Procedures
Messages
Cipher mode control
CIPHER MODE COMMAND

CIPHER MODE COMPLETE
Trace invocation
MSC INVOKE TRACE

BSS INVOKE TRACE
Initial MS message
COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION
Queuing indication
QUEUING INDICATION
Data link control SAPI not equal to 0
DTAP message (in normal case)

SAPI N REJECT (in case of failure)
PDSS1 flow control
SUSPEND
RESUME
Circuit re-selection
CHANGE CIRCUIT
CHANGE CIRCUIT ACKNOWLEDGE
Location Aquisition
LOCATION INFORMATION COMMAND

LOCATION INFORMATION REPORT
Page15
Contents
1.

1.1 Protocol Stacks
Page16
BSSAP Message Structure

BSSAP message
Distribution data unit
Length indicator
Message body
The distribution data unit of BSSMAP message and

DTAP message are different.
The length indicator is 1 octet long.
Page17
Distribution Data Unit of

BSSMAP
The Distribution Data Unit only consists of the
Discrimination parameter, which is set to the "Not

Transparent" value.
Discrimination Parameter
Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1

0
The discrimination bit D is set to 0, means "Not Transparent" .
Page18
Distribution Data Unit of DTAP
The Distribution Data Unit consists of two parameters:
Discrimination parameter
Data Link Connection Identification (DLCI) parameter.

Discrimination Parameter
Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1

0
The discrimination bit D is set to 1, means "Transparent" .
Page19
Distribution Data Unit of DTAP
The DLCI parameter is 1 octet long.
In the direction of MSC to BSC: to indicate the type of

data link connection to be used over the radio
interface.
In the direction of BSS to MSC: to indicate the type of

originating data link connection over the radio
interface.
Page20
Contents
1.
2.
Page21
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.2 Initial MS Message
2.3 Cipher Mode Control
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page22
Paging
MS
BSS
MSC
BSSMAP: PAGING
RR: PAGING REQUEST
TYPE 1, 2, 3
First SABM frame
(PAGING RESPONSE)
BSSMAP: COMPLETE
LAYER 3 INFORMATION
( PAGING RESPONSE)
SABM: Set asynchronous balanced mode command
Page23
PAGING Message
Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
MSC-
Description
>BSC
IMSI
MSC>BSC
TMSI
MSC>BSC
Cell Identifier List
MSC>BSC
This message is sent from the MSC to the BSS and contains
Channel Needed
MSC-
sufficient information to allow the paging

>BSC message to be
transmitted by the correct cells at the correct time.
Page24
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page25
Initial MS Message Procedure
When BSC receive the radio interface initial L3

message from the MS (piggybacked on the SABM
frame), BSC will setup the SCCP connection via
CR/CC message, and passing the entire radio
interface initial L3 message to the MSC using
BSSMAP COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION
message which encapsulated in SCCP CR message.
Page26
The radio initial L3 message can be:
CM SERVICE REQUEST,
PAGING RESPONSE,
CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUEST,
LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST,
IMSI DETACH,
NOTIFICATION RESPONSE,
IMMEDIATE SETUP
Page27

MS
BSS
First SABM frame
(initial L3 message: CM
SERVICE REQUEST,
LOCATION UPDATING
REQUEST, PAGING
RESPONSE, IMSI
DETACH etc. )
MSC
SCCP: CR
( BSSMAP: COMPLETE
LAYER 3 INFORMATION
(CM SERVICE REQUEST,
LOCATION UPDATING
REQUEST, PAGING
RESPONSE, IMSI DETACH
etc. ) )
SCCP: CC
Page28
COMPLETE LAYER 3
INFORMATION
Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
BSC-
Description
>MSC
Cell Identifier
BSC>MSC
Layer 3 Information
BSC>MSC
Choose Channel
BSC>MSC
Location Information
BSC>MSC
paging response
etc.
the channel
rate/type on which
the initial layer 3
message was
received
to provide
Location Services
related
information
Page29
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page30
Cipher Mode Control Procedure
The cipher mode control procedure allows the MSC to

pass cipher mode information to the BSS to select and
load the user data and signalling encryption device
with the appropriate key.
If the BSS is unable to support the ciphering algorithm

specified in the CIPHER MODE COMMAND message
then it shall return a CIPHER MODE REJECT message
with Cause value "Ciphering algorithm not supported".
Page31
Cipher Mode Control

MS
BSS
MSC
BSSMAP: CIPHER MODE

COMMAND
RR: CIPHER MODE
COMMAND
RR: CIPHER MODE
COMPLETE
BSSMAP: CIPHER MODE

REJECT
BSSMAP: CIPHER MODE

COMPLETE
Page32
CIPHER MODE COMMAND

Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
MSC-
Description
>BSC
Encryption Information
MSC>BSC
Cipher Response Mode
MSC>BSC
This information
element is used
by the MSC to
indicate whether
the IMEI is to be
included in the
CIPHERING MODE
COMPLETE
message to be
sent by the Mobile
Station.
Page33
Encryption Information IE
8
Element identifier
octet 1
Length
octet 2
Permitted algorithms
octet 3
Key
octet 4-N
Page34
Encryption Information IE
Permitted algorithms:
if the bit set to 1, the BSC will use the algorithm.
If the bit set to 0, the BSC wont use the algorithm.
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
0 or
0 or
0 or
0 or
0 or
0 or
0 or
0 or
GSM
A5/7
GSM
A5/6
GSM
A5/5
GSM
A5/4
GSM
A5/3
GSM
A5/2
GSM
A5/1
No
encr
yptio
n
Key:
It shall be present if at least one of the A5 encryption algorithms

is permitted. When present, the key shall be 8 octets long.
Page35
CIPHER MODE COMPLETE

Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
BSC-
Description
>MSC
Layer 3 Message Contents
BSC>MSC
Chosen Encryption
Algorithm
BSC>MSC
To pass the
contents of radio
interface
messages from MS
to MSC.
A specific
algorithm
Page36
CIPHER MODE REJECT

Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
BSC-
Description
>MSC
Cause
BSC>MSC
Typical Cause values are:
Ciphering algorithm not supported,
Invalid message contents
Page37
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page38
Assignment Procedure
The purpose of the assignment procedure is to

ensure that the correct dedicated radio resource(s)
can be allocated or reallocated to a MS that requires
it.
Page39
Assignment
MS
BSS
RR: ASSIGNMENT
COMMAND
RR: ASSIGNMENT
COMPLETE
RR: ASSIGNMENT
FAILURE
MSC
BSSMAP: ASSIGNMENT
REQUEST
BSSMAP: ASSIGNMENT
COMPLETE
BSSMAP: ASSIGNMENT
FAILURE
Page40
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
Channel Type
MSC>BSC
Priority
MSC>BSC
Speech, data or
signalling;
Speech: Full rate or
half rate;
Data: full rate or half
rate and maximum
channel numbers,
data rates;
Signalling: SDCCH
channel or full rate,
half rate channel
The priority of the
request.
Circuit
Code
O Ltd. All rights
MSCCopyright
Identity
2008 Huawei
Technologies Co.,
reserved.
Page41
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
BSC-
Description
>MSC
RR Cause
BSC>MSC
Circuit Identity Code
BSC>MSC
Cell Identifier
BSC>MSC
Chosen Channel
BSC>MSC
Chosen Encryption
Algorithm
Circuit Pool
BSC>MSC
BSC>MSC
Page42
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
Information Element
Message Type
type
Direction
BSC-
Description
>MSC
Cause
RR Cause
BSC>MSC
Circuit Pool
BSC>MSC
Circuit Pool List
BSC>MSC
Page43
Typical Cause Values
radio interface message failure,
O and M intervention,
equipment failure,
no radio resource available,
requested terrestrial resource unavailable,
requested transcoding/rate adaption unavailable,
terrestrial resource already allocated,
invalid message contents,
radio interface failure - reversion to old channel,
directed retry,
circuit pool mismatch,
switch circuit pool.
requested speech version unavailable.
Page44
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page45
Handover Procedure
Handover procedure include:
Handover required indication
HANDOVER REQUIRED
Handover resource allocation
HANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE
HANDOVER FAILURE
Handover execution
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER DETECT
HANDOVER COMPLETE
HANDOVER SUCCEEDED
Page46
Handover
MS
BSS
Measurement
report form MS
HANDOVER
COMMAND
MSC
BSS
MS
BSSMAP: HANDOVER
BSSMAP: HANDOVER
REQUIRED
REQUEST
BSSMAP: HANDOVER
BSSMAP: HANDOVER REQUEST ACK
COMMAND
BSSMAP: HANDOVER
DETECT
BSSMAP: HANDOVER
BSSMAP: HANDOVER COMPLETE
SUCCEEDED
BSSMAP: CLEAR
COMMAND
BSSMAP: CLEAR
COMPLETE
Page47
HANDOVER
ACCESS
HANDOVER
COMPLETE
HANDOVER REQUIRED
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
Cause
BSC>MSC
Cell Identifier List
BSC>MSC
Circuit Pool List
BSC>MSC
Current Channel Type 1

Speech Version (Used)
O
O
BSC-
Signalling, data or
>MSC
speech
BSC>MSC
Old BSC to New BSC
BSC-
Page48
HANDOVER REQUIRED
uplink quality,
uplink strength,
downlink quality,
downlink strength,
distance,
better cell,
response to MSC invocation,
O&M intervention,
directed retry,
switch circuit pool,
traffic,
preemption.
Page49

Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
Cause
MSC>BSC
Equipment failure,
No radio resource available,
Requested terrestrial resource unavailable,
Invalid message contents,
Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavailable,
O and M intervention.
Page50
HANDOVER REQUEST (1)

Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
Channel Type
MSC>BSC
Encryption Information
MSC>BSC
Classmark Information
1/2
Cell Identifier (serving)
MSC>BSC
MSC>BSC
Circuit Identity Code
MSC>BSC
Cell Identifier (target)
MSC-
Page51

Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Cause
MSC>BSC
Classmark Information
3
Current Channel Type 1
MSC>BSC
MSC>BSC
Speech Version (Used)
MSC>BSC
Chosen Encryption
Algorithm (serving)
Old BSC to New BSC
Information
MSC>BSC
MSC>BSC
Page52
uplink quality,
uplink strength,
downlink quality,
downlink strength,
distance,
better cell,
response to MSC invocation,
directed retry,
switch circuit pool,
traffic,
preemption.
Page53
HANDOVER REQUEST ACK

Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
L3 Information
BSC>MSC
Chosen Channel
BSC-
Carrying a radio
interface HANDOVER
COMMAND message
channel rate/type
>MSC
Chosen Encryption
Information
Circuit Pool
BSC>MSC
BSC>MSC
Speech Version
(chosen)
BSC>MSC
Copyright
Identity
2008 Huawei
Technologies Co.,
reserved.
Circuit
Code
O Ltd. All rights
BSC-
Page54
HANDOVER COMMAND
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
L3 Information
MSC>BSC
Cell Identifier
MSC-
Carrying a radio
interface HANDOVER
COMMAND message
channel rate/type
>BSC
Page55
HANDOVER DETECT
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
This message is sent from the BSS to the MSC via

the relevant SCCP connection.
It indicates that the correct MS has successfully

accessed the target cell.
Page56
HANDOVER COMPLETE
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
RR Cause
This message is sent from
BSC-
This element is passed

from the radio
>MSC
interface to the MSC
transparently
the BSS to the
MSC via

Page57
HANDOVER SUCCEEDED
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
This message is sent from the MSC to the old BSS via

Page58
HANDOVER FAILURE
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
Cause
BSC>MSC
RR Cause
BSC-
This element is passed

from the radio
>MSC
interface to the MSC
transparently
Circuit Pool
BSC>MSC
Circuit Pool List
BSC>MSC
Page59
HANDOVER FAILURE
radio interface message failure;
O and M intervention;
Equipment failure;
no radio resource available;
requested terrestrial resource unavailable;
requested transcoding/rate adaption unavailable;
terrestrial resource already allocated;
invalid message contents;
radio interface failure - reversion to old channel;
ciphering algorithm not supported;
circuit pool mismatch;
switch circuit pool;
requested speech version unavailable.
Page60
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page61
Release Procedure
There are 3 types of release reason:
Release Due To Transaction Completion
Release due to BSS generated reason
Release due to successful handover
Page62
Release
MS
BSS
MSC
BSSMAP: CLEAR REQUEST

BSSMAP: CLEAR COMMAND
BSSMAP: CLEAR COMPLETE
RR: CHANNEL RELEASE
L2 Message: DISC
L2 Message: UA
Page63
CLEAR REQUEST
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
Cause
Typical
Cause values Mare:
BSC>MSC
Radio interface message failure,
Equipment failure,
Joined group call channel,
Protocol error between BSS and MSC,
Preemption.
Page64
CLEAR COMMAND
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
MSC>BSC
Cause
Typical
Cause values Mare:
MSC>BSC
Call control,
Equipment failure,
Handover successful
protocol error between BSS and MSC,
Page65
CLEAR COMPLETE
Information Element
type
Directio
Description
n
Message Type
BSC>MSC
This message is sent from the BSS to the MSC to

inform the MSC that the associated dedicated
resource(s) has been successfully cleared.
The message is sent via the BSSAP SCCP connection

associated with the dedicated resource(s).
Page66
Contents
2.

2.1 Paging
2.4 Assignment
2.5 Handover
2.6 Release
2.7 DTAP Message
Page67
DTAP Message
DTAP message is used to transfer the L3 message between

MS and MSC/MSC Server, using connection-oriented SCCP
service.
The L3 message is encapsulated into DTAP message

besides the following message which is transfer by BSSMAP
COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION:
CM SERVICE REQUEST,
PAGING RESPONSE,
CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUEST,
LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST,
IMSI DETACH,
NOTIFICATION RESPONSE,
IMMEDIATE SETUP
Page68
DTAP
MS
BSS
MSC
DTAP: SETUP
L3 message: SETUP
L3 Message: CALL
CONFIRM
DTAP: CALL CONFIRMATION
Page69
Summary
BSSAP protocol is composed of BSSMAP and DTAP

part
BSSMAP message will be interpreted and processed by

BSC.
The DTAP information is not interpreted by the BSS.
Page70
Thank you
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BSSAP Protocol

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Outline the main function of BSSAP protocol

Describe the main procedure of BSSAP

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles

BSSAP Main Procedure Analysis

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles

BSSAP Main Procedure Analysis

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol of A Interface

Base Station Subsystem Application Part (BSSAP) is

Mobile station management

Base station management

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Components of BSSAP Protocol

BSSAP protocol is composed of:

BSSMAP: Base Station Subsystem Management Application

BSSMAP messages control service process, and are handled by the

DTAP: Direct Transfer Application Part

For DTAP messages, the A interface only functions as a transport

Distribution Function: distribute the message to BSSMAP/DTAP

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

It is a global procedure which concerns a complete cell or BSS,

It is a dedicated procedure which concerns a single dedicated

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Handover candidate enquiry

HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Handover required indication

Handover resource allocation

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cipher mode control

CIPHER MODE COMMAND

MSC INVOKE TRACE

COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION

Data link control SAPI not equal to 0

DTAP message (in normal case)

PDSS1 flow control

LOCATION INFORMATION COMMAND

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Protocol Basic Principles

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

BSSAP Message Structure

The distribution data unit of BSSMAP message and

The length indicator is 1 octet long.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Distribution Data Unit of

Discrimination parameter, which is set to the "Not

Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1

The discrimination bit D is set to 0, means "Not Transparent" .

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Distribution Data Unit of DTAP

The Distribution Data Unit consists of two parameters:

Data Link Connection Identification (DLCI) parameter.