CONSTRUCTION OF
SALAM UDDIN
FLYOVER
AT TOLICHOWKI JUNCTION IN
BY
HYDERABAD
P.S.N.MURTHY
T.RAJA SHUSHANTH
T.ELWIN RAJA
V.MAHIMA PRASAD
K.S.S.DIVYA
U.AABEEBA
This main project was conducted to have the knowledge of various techniques, methodologies and materials used in the
Construction of SALAM UDDIN FLYOVER AT TOLICHOWKI JUNCTION IN HYDERABAD.
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ABOUT
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OUR
PROJEC
T
FLYOVER:
HISTORY:
In INDIA the first flyover was
constructed in MUMBAI on 14th
April,1965.
It was 48 ft. ( 15 m)
Construction cost was 17.5
lakhs
(6.1 crores as per 2015)
It segregates the North-South
and East-West Traffic at the
junction.
1. Bridge deck
2. Structural members
3. Parapets ( bridge railings),
SUB STRUCTURE
PILE CAP
PIER / INTERIOR
BENT
BRIDGE
DECK
BACKGROUND:
Hyderabad is the fifth largest
metropolis in India.
The present population of
Hyderabad is over 8 million.
the main mode of public transport
in the city is mainly through the
road.
Due to rapid expansion of
industries in IT sector and real
estate development, has resulted
in traffic signal delays at major
intersections in the city.
STUDY CHARACTERISTICS OF
AREA:
Towlichoki is a major suburb in
Hyderabad.
Its a Four arm intersection
situated in western Hyderabad.
The junction is partially
signalized.
A religious structure is situated
at the junction.
The presence of this religious
structure is restricting the right
turning for the traffic.
GEO-TECHNICAL
INVESTIGATIONS:
Aboreholeis a narrow shaft bored in the
ground, either vertically or horizontally.
3 Nos of boreholes have been carried out
as per the TOR(Terms Of Reference) to a
depth of 3m or 3m in hard rock whichever
is earlier.
REVIEW OF FEASIBILITY
REPORT
OPTION1
OPTION2
DEMERITS OF OPTION 2:
The Traffic flow during construction period will be completely
blocked in the Hakim pet Seven Tombs Direction.
Increasing the construction time as it takes 16-20 week for each 3
lane module.
With minimum viaduct portion to be provided for clear height and
avoidance of structures from the center of the junction.
For casting the bottom slab for the flyover portion above the temple
alternative arrangements for the supporting system with rolled steel
girders need to be provided.
Obligatory span of 90m is difficult and cost prohibitive.
LAYOUT:
The desired layout is proposed with
respect to the topographical survey
and geotechnical investigations.
profile of the flyover has been
designed as per IRC guide lines,
Design speed
Maximum super elevation
The gradients for the flyovers
60kmph
2.5%
< 3.5%
DESCRIPTION
1.) Single lane
without kerbs
2.) 2 lane without
kerbs
3.) 2 lane with
kerbs
4.) 3 lane with or
without kerbs
5.) 4 lane with or
without kerbs
6.) 6 lane with or
without kerbs
WIDTH
[ in m]
3.50
7.00
7.50
10.5/ 11.00
14.00
21.00
3.0
3. LCV ,Minibus
1.5
0.5
5.
Cycle rickshaw
1.5
6.
4.0
7. Bullock cart
8.0
8. Hand - cart
6.0
DESIGN SPEED:
CLASSIFICATION
1) Arterial
DESIGN SPEED [ in
kmph]
80
1) Sub- arterial
60
1) Collector street
50
1) Local street
30
WARENTS OF INTERCHANGE:
When the total traffic of all the arms of the intersection is in
excess of 10,000 PCUs per hour.
The volume of traffic resulting in serious congestion &
frequent choking of the intersection, an interchange may be
justified when a grade intersection fails to handle that volume.
LANE
CAPACITY:
The design service volumes adopted have been considered from IRC 1061990. The present study assumes that Design Level of Service[LOS] will
be C with volume to all traffic streams being arterial.
DESIGN SERVICE VOLUME & CAPACITY FOR ARTERIAL ROAD AT LOS C
ROAD
CONFIGURATION
2 lane one- way
DESIGN SERVICE
VOLUME , VPH
2400
CAPACITY , VPH
3450
1500
2150
3600
5150
3000
4300
3600
5150
4800
6900
5400
7750
7200
10300
SPACE
STANDARDS:
RECOMMENDED SPACE STANDARDS FOR URBAN ROADS
CLASSIFICATION
RECOMMENDED SPACE
STANDARDS
[land width]
[(in metres]
Arterial
50-60
Sub-arterial
30-40
Collector street
20-30
Local street
10-20
KERBS:
In principle the kerb is provided to clearly define
the pavement edge to facilitate the vehicle users.
The kerb should be provided between all
footpaths & carriageways.
Standard height of kerb should be between 15 to
25cm.
kerb of height 15 cm should be adopted for
footpaths.
The minimum height of 10 cm may be adopted for
islands and medians.
Kerbs may be
1. Barrier type
2. Semi-barrier type
3. Mountable type
4. Submerged type
CAMBER:
Camber on grade separator with high type bituminous
surfacing or cement concrete surfacing should be 1.7 to 2
percent.
VERTICAL CLEARANCE:
The minimum vertical clearance above the roadway for single
lane or multiple lane bridges with vehicular traffic shall be 5.5 m
as per IRC: 5- 1998.
FOOTPATH:
The minimum width of footpath should be 1.5 meters.
The cross fall within in the range of 2.5 to 3 percent should
be maintained surface with cross fall neither so flat as to be
difficult to drain nor so steep as to be dangerous to walk
upon.
CAPACITY OF FOOTPATHS
Width of
footpath
1200
800
1.5
2400
1600
2.0
3600
2400
2.5
4800
6000
3200
4000
3.0
3.5
WIDTH OF FLYOVER:
Width of flyover has a direct relationship with the width available
along access
roads [the axis of the flyover] besides the traffic
volume it is expected to serve.
LOADING STANDARDS:
LIVE LOAD:
One train of IRC class A per lane [4 lanes] / one lane of 70R
loading per two
lanes / as per IRC 6-2010.
WIND LOAD:
The wind pressure shall be considered acting in the following two
ways:
1. full Wind Load force at right angle to the superstructure.
2. A65% Wind force acting perpendicular to the superstructure &
35% along the direction of the traffic.
SESMIC LOAD:
The structure shall be designed for seismic forces as per
IRC: 6-2010.
TEMPERATURE LOAD:
Difference in Temperature: shall be taken as per recommendations of Clause
218 of IRC: 6- 2010.
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Reinforced Concrete: 117.0X 10-7 deg C.
LOAD COMBINATIONS:
Load combinations shall be in conformity with Table 1 of IRC : 6-2010.
MATERIAL:
CONCRETE
REINFORCEMENT
PERMISSIBLE STRESSES:
The permissible stress in reinforced concrete members ,
reinforcements & pre-stressing concrete
membrane shall be as per
IRC : 112-2011.
BEARINGS:
The following types of bearing are adopted
1. POT ,POT cum PTFE or PTFE bearings
2. Elastomeric Bearings
DRAINAGE :
The deck drainage shall be in the form of collector gullies with
longitudinal runners.
From these sumps the water shall thereafter
be conveyed to the nearest storm
water drains.
CRASH BARRIER :
Crash barrier on the flyover can be in concrete or steel.
EXPANSION JOINTS :
CODES OF PRACTICE
TITLE
1.
IRC : 5 1998
2.
IRC : 6 - 2010
3.
IRC : 35 -1997
4.
IRC : 38 - 1988
5.
IRC : 54 -1974
6.
IRC : 67 - 2010
7.
IRC : 78 - 2000
8.
IRC : 83 -1999[I]
9.
10.
11.
IRC : 86 - 1983
12.
IRC : 92 - 1985
13.
14.
15.
IRC : SP : 23 - 1983
16.
IRC : SP : 50 - 1999
17.
IRC : SP : 90 - 2010
TRAFFIC ANALASYS
TRAFFIC FLOW CHARACTERISTICS :
The summary of traffic proportions observed from the survey is
presented in the table below:
PROPORTION OF FAST & SLOW MOVING TRAFFIC
COUNT
LOCATION
VEHICLE
TYPE
2 Wheeler
Auto Rickshaw
CVC 1
TOTAL NO. OF
VEHICLES
PERCENTAGE
[%]
53568
50.09
4820
4.507
Car/Jeep/Van
Minibus
36055
33.71
1216
1.137
Standard Bus
1780
LCV
6428
1.664
2 Axle
Multi Axle
Tractors
6.01
2418
2.261
321
0.3
91
0.085
Cycles
243
0.227
Others
12
0.011
LANE REQUIREMENT:
The operating characteristics of the traffic such as speed , volume /
capacity ratio , density etc. ; are represented by Level of Service [ LOS] .
It varies from free flow conditions [LOS A] to forced flow condition [ LOS
F] .
Urban roads would be designed for LOS C [ V/C= 0.7] condition.
Based on the suggested traffic growth factors & above service volumes at
LOS C & E , required numbers of lanes have been calculated at all the
CVC locations.
LANE REQUIREMENT:
The design traffic , in terms of cumulative number of standard axles , is
computed using the following equation :
N = {365 * [ (1+r)n 1]* A *D *F}/r
The traffic in the year of completion is estimated using the following
formula :
A = P ( 1 + r )n
DESIGNS
SAILENT FEATURES OF FLYOVER:
Sno.
1.
Description of item
Width of each flyover
2.
3.
For RHS flyover [ mehdipatnam side towards Hitech city ]: Obligatory span 58m [ 1 x 28m + 1 x
30m ]
4.
5.
6.
Standard span
7.
8.
Type of pier
9.
Type of bearing
10.
Strip seal
11.
12.
13.
21m
7.5m[min.]
2m min. in the solid approaches & increased to 3.135m
in the viaduct portion
Depth of
Investigation[m]
4.5
9.5
13.0
Stratum
2
Stratum
3
RECOMMENDATION:
Based on the subsoil profile encountered at Grade Separator at Tolichowki
junction location shallow foundation can be considered.
For shallow foundation , the recommended allowable bearing capacity
along with founding depth for borehole locations drilled is given in the table
below.
Recommended
net allowable
bearing pressure
[ t/sq m ]
BH- 01
2.5
50
BH-02
4.0
45
BH-03
6.0
50
Foundation
Stratum
COSTING
AND
ESTIMATION
REPORT
Total
Total
Total
Total
For
For
For
For
For
For
For
For
For
For
For
GRAND TOTAL
=
=
=
=
= Rs.13198506
= Rs.87, 99,003
= Rs.7332503
= Rs. 5866002
= Rs. 58,66,002
= Rs. 43,99,501
= Rs. 43,99,501
= Rs. 43,99,501
= Rs. 36,36,921
= Rs.29,33,001
= Rs.58,66,002
= 29, 33, 00,121 + 6,66,99,879
= Rs.36, 0000000