OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Class content:

Identify the different contexts

connected to narrative.
Recognize the characteristcs of a
narrative text
Recognize
the
differente
narrative genres
Perceive the relation between
narratives and stories

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Telling stories or listening to them, real or not, are very old

human activities. Since language became important to mans
existence, people use it in order to narrate general facts
and those related to their own experience. So, developing
skills to present narrative essays is essential for
communication.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

A narrative is some kind of retelling, often in words
(though it is possible to mime a story), of something that
happened (a story). The narrative is not the story itself but
rather the telling of the story -- which is why it is so often
used in phrases such as "written narrative," "oral
narrative," etc. While a story just is a sequence of events,
a narrative recounts those events, perhaps leaving some
occurrences out because they are from some perspective
insignificant, and perhaps emphasizing others. In a series
of events, a car crash takes a split second. A narrative
account, however, might be almost entirely about the
crash itself and the few seconds leading up to it. Narratives
thus shape history (the series of events, the story of what
happened).
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

"In narrative writing, an author has a chance to

make his or her mark on the world by relating a
story that only he or she can tell. Whether it comes
from a personal experience or is one that the writer
has imagined, the point of a narrative is to bring
one's subject to life. By using sensory details, the
five Ws and H (who, what, where, when, why, and
how), and basic story structure, any subject can be
made exciting."
(Spencer L, A Step-by-Step Guide to Narrative
Writing. Rosen, 2005)
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Evidence strongly suggests that humans in all cultures

come to cast their own identity in some sort of narrative
form. We are inveterate storytellers."Stories are an
important aspect of culture. Many works of art and most
works of literature tell stories; indeed, most of
thehumanitiesinvolve stories
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Stories are of ancient origin, existing inancient
Egyptian,ancient Greek,ChineseandIndiancultures and
theirmyths. Stories are also a ubiquitous component of
human communication, used asparablesand examples to
illustrate points.Storytellingwas probably one of the
earliest forms of entertainment.

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

The narrative essay is a form of writing which depicts
someones experience leading to some important
realization or conclusion about someones lives or about
the world in general.
Every kind of writing should have a definite structure, i.e.
introduction, main body and conclusion. That will make
the essay clear and easy for a reader to perceive. The
introduction should bring in the topic of the essay
smoothly dropping any gentle hint at the subsequent plot
development, sometimes with the elements of nature
description, etc. But it shouldnt predict it in all the
details, in order to make a reader thrilled to some extent.
The introduction may present the prehistory of the future
event very often. The main body is a principal part of the
narrative essay.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

There are some special tips, which should be taken

into account while presenting the body.
According
to
the
Narrative
Essay
and
Prompts(Literacy Education Online), it must:
be told from a particular point of view;
make and support a point;
be filled with precise detail;
use vivid verbs and modifiers;
use conflict and sequence as does any story;
may use dialogue.

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Elements of a Narrative
Plot: the sequence of events that take place in a story.
Setting: the time and place in which the events of a story
take place.
Characterization: the methods used to present the
personality of a character in a narrative.
Direct--the author describes the character.Example-She was a large womanwith a large purse.
Indirect--the reader judges what the character is like
based on what they say or do, or what other characters
say about them.Example Tom The great Gatsby (S.
Fitzgerald)
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Atmosphere: the general mood or feeling established in a
piece of literature.Atmosphere is created through word
choice and pacing.
Word Choice--the author uses words that make the reader
feel a certain way.A spooky atmosphere is created in "The
Tell-Tale Heart" through the use of wordslike "hideous,"
"marrow," "chilled," and "nervous."
Pacing--the author controls the speed at which we read
through sentence length, punctuation, repetition of words
and other techniques.
Point of View: who is narrating the story (2 main
types:First Person, Third Person)

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

First person:the narrator uses "I" to tell the action, and is
involved in the story.
Third person:the story is told from a perspective outside
the story.Thecharacters are referred to by name, or as
he, sheor they.
Conflict:the central problem that drives the action of a
story.(two main types)
Internal:The conflict happens in a character's mind.A
character with a guiltyconscience is an example of internal
conflict.
External:The conflict happens between characters, or
between a character andsome outside force, like
nature.Sherlock Holmes pursuing a criminal is anexample
of external conflict.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Story One:
I grew up in a fairly big city. Even though my family was
well-off, I was like most kids. I mostly hung out with my
friends and relatives, and we got in a lot of fights with
guys we didn't like. One night, we thought it would be fun
if we snuck into a party at the home of one of the families
that my family didn't like. So, we got costumes and went
over. We got there just after sundown. My friend got us in
on his invitation. We just spent the whole night goofing off
and meeting people. We ate and drank tons of stuff--which
was even better because this old rich guy we hated was
paying for it all. I met a girl there. We saw each other a
few times, but then it sort of died out. Oh yeah, some of
my friends left early and got in a big fight with some other
guys at the party. The cops came and all of us got in
trouble.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Story Two:
I went on a boat ride when I was really young. It was down
a river, and I have sort of vague memories of it being warm
outside, and the ride was really slow and sort of winding.
On the boat ride I met some really nice people who
worked for this really important land owner. I lived with
them for awhile. Then the land owner took a liking to me,
and I went to work for him. He had a lot of businesses. I
was mostly involved in building and maintenance. I worked
for him for a few years, but then I got in a fight with him
about how he was treating the workers. I made him so mad
with our complaints that he let all of us go. I wandered
around for a while and eventually took up mountain
climbing.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Narration - Internal Estructure

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

What is a fictional narrative?

Answer:
A fictional narrative is a story that you made up, an
untrue story in which whatever you want to
happen can happen, like a fictional book, with
magic and monsters and whatever else you want
within your story. many people are reading my
answer because they have a school project due
tomorrow and waited until the last possible minute
to write it, make it short, like one or two pages
tops, and wright about something that you think
would interest people =) EXAMPLE Short Stories

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Narrative Space
This is the physically existing environment in which
characters live and move.
(Buchholz & Jahn, 2005)
When we make reference to the space in a narrative text,
we can find two types:
Physical and Psychological Spaces.
The
former
refers
to
the
mental
image
of
thephysicalsettings in which the actions occur while the
latter focus on mental characteristics concerning the
characters: their experiences, feelings, dreams, thoughts,
or everything that reveals the motivation for their
behavior.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Narrative Time
A time, or chronological, order is natural for
narration. Events must be recorded in the order
in which they occur. Thus, when you tell a story,
a natural order is required.
A space order is also very useful when the writer
wishes to report what he sees. The movement
of each paragraph must have some continuity
which a reader can recognize and follow.
Read the excerpt below taken from a report on
the sinking of the Titanic. Notice all the
individual acts which build the scene of the

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

THE NARRATOR
Anarratoris, within anystory(literary work, movie, play,
verbal account, etc.), the non-fictional or fictional, personal
or impersonal entity who tells the story to theaudience.
When the narrator is also acharacterwithin the story, he or
she is sometimes known as thefirst personorfirst-person
narrator.
The narrator is constructed by theauthorand may be
presented as distinct from, or the same as, the author,
depending upon the author's construction. The narrator is
one of three entities responsible for story-telling of any
kind. The others are theauthorand theaudience(the latter
called the "reader" when referring specifically to literature).
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

The difference between a
narrative
essay
and
a
descriptive essay is that the
narrative essay you use your
point of view to tell the story
and
the
descriptive
you
describe the person or the
place or the event using vivid
images that refer to the
smell,touch,sound,taste,
personality, and behavior, also,
person job or hobbies, and you
describe what you feel about
the person throughout the use
of all these categories.
Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

In another word when writing
descriptive essay you show
your reader not tell him using
the senses of sight also.Try to
give a lot of details for
instance if you are describing
a person give more details
about the physical traits
including his hair color,
height,weight,eye color, skin
smooth or rough.....put them
in order from hair to feet.

Lesson 3 - NARRATION

OFICINA DE REDAO EM LNGUA INGLESA

Lesson 3 - NARRATION