PHARMACOLOGY

What is pharmacology?

Pharmacology

the field of medicine that studies drugs

Drugs
Drugs: chemical or biological substances used in
the prevention or treatment of disease
Drugs: prescribed by a doctor ( prescribe
medication)
Drugs: sold at a pharmacy
Drugs: dispensed by a pharmacist

Drugs

Drugs: obtained from many different sources

Parts

of plants
Animals
Chemical substances that are synthesized in the
laboratory

Drug names
Chemical name
Generic name (official name)
Trade name (brand name, proprietary name)

Chemical name
the chemical formula for the drug
a long and complicated name
the structure of the drug

Generic name (official name)

a shorter, less complicated name
a shorthand version of the drugs chemical name,
structure, or formula
one generic name for each drug

Trade name
the name developed by the drug manufacturer
being capitalized the first letter

for

example: phenytoin is the generic name and

Dilantin is a trade name for the same drug .

the private property of the company

Most drugs having several brand names
often suggesting a characteristic of the drug, for
example:

Trade name
Lopressor

lowers blood pressure,

Vivactil is an antidepressant that might make a
person more vivacious
Glucotrol controls high blood sugar (glucose) levels
Skelaxin relaxes skeletal muscles

a shortened version of the drugs generic name

for

example, Minocin for minocycline

Administration of drugs
oral administration
sublingual administration
rectal administration
parenteral administration
inhalation
topical application
Exercise C, E

Administration of drugs
oral administration: drugs are given by mouth.
sublingual administration: drugs are given by
placement under the tongue.
rectal administration: drugs are inserted through
the anus into the rectum

Administration of drugs
parenteral administration: drugs are given by
injection into the skin, muscles, or veins
inhalation: administration of drugs in gaseous or
vapor form through the nose or mouth
topical application: drugs are applied locally on
the skin or mucous membranes of the body

Classes of drugs

Exercise I

Classes of drugs
Analgesics: drugs that relieve pain
Anesthetics: drugs that reduce or eliminate
sensation
Antibiotics: chemical substances produced by a
plant or microorganism that have the ability to
inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body.
Anticoagulants: drugs that prevent the clotting of
blood
Anticonvulsants: drugs that prevent convulsions
Antidepressants: drugs that treat symptoms of
depression

Classes of drugs
Antidiabetics: drugs that treat diabetes mellitus
Antihistamines: drugs that block the action of
histamine and help prevent symptoms of allergy
Cardiovascular drugs: drugs that act on the
heart and blood vessels
Endocrine drugs: drugs that act on hormones
Gastrointestinal drugs: drugs that relieve
uncomfortable symptoms of dieases of digestive
tract
Respiratory drugs

Classes of drugs
Sedatives: drugs that relax and calm nervousness
Stimulants: drugs that excite and promote
activity