? ?
Disposable
Increased
Enhanced
Culture
Population Living Standard
Avoidance
3-R Concept:
Reduce,
Recycling
Reuse,
Recycle
Energy Recovery
Land-filling
3
More Significant
Municipal residential & commercial
Industrial manufacturers
Mineral Extraction
Agricultural
Less Significant
4
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Regulations
Land-filling
7
Minimal-level
Long Period
Low-level
Intermediate-level
High-level
Short Period
Questions:
Where we can use the finished compost?
How to use the finished compost?
10
Land-filling Design:
1. Leachate collection system installed not to
contaminate ground water
2. Synthetic membrane liner and lowpermeability soil liner
3. Design needs to be approved and certified
4. Ground water should be monitored to ensure
functioning of liners to keep away from
leachate
16
Land-filling Types:
1. Trench Methods
. Sufficient depth and width is excavated
or using a natural depression
. A leachate collection system is
installed
. The trench is filled and covered
17
Cell 2
Landfill
Future Cell
Leachate
Collection Pipes
18
Land-filling Types:
2. Depression Methods
Similar to the trench meth
Multiple cells are constructed upon each other
3. Bale Disposal
. Baled wastes are accepted instead of loose
solid wastes
. Higher density and thus landfill volume
19
?
Technology
Economic
Choice
Politics
Public Doubt
Risks
24