Kaushiki Roy

Naazish Ahmed
Febi Alex
Gargi Chakroborty
Aparna Rane
Maitri Ganger
Unnati Mehta
Hormaz Mirza
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND
ECONOMIC GROWTH
1. Education
2. Health
3. On-the-job training
4. Study programes for adults
5. Migration of individual and families for job
opportunities.
EDUCATION
“Investment in education enhances human
capital formation”
Theodore W. Schultz
 Role Of Education In India
 Education and economic growth
 Education and reduction in income
inequalities
 Education and rural development
 Education and family planning
90%
79.90%
80%

70% 64.80%
60%
52%
50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
1991 2001 2009
200
182
180
158.7
160
140
120
98.2 BOYS
100 89.7 83.8 GIRLS
80 69 TOTAL
60
40
20
0
2002 2005
various schemes to promote elementary and Secondary education
were incorporated
in the tenth 5 year plan.

Schemes in 10th year plan:

 Sarva Siksha Abhiyan(SSA)

 National Programme For Education of Girls At Elementary

Education
(NPEGEL)

 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya(KGBV)

 National Programs Of Mid-day Meals in Schools

3.5

2.5

1.5 3.2
2.49
1

1.16 1.35
0.5 0.95
0.7
0
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
 11th Plan Targets and special Focus Areas:
Eleventh Plan Targets
Achieve 80% literacy rate
Reduce gender gap in literacy to 10%
Reduce regional,social,and gender
disparities,
Extend coverage of NLM programmes
to 35+ age group
Special Focus Areas
A special focus on
SCs,STs,minorities,and rural women
Focus also on low literacy states,
tribal areas, other disadvantaged
groups and adolescents.
The eleventh 5 year plan also came up with a few
schemes to
promote secondary as well as primary education:
 Jan siksha Sansthan
 Universal Access and Quality at the Secondary
Stage(SUCCESS)
 Mahila Samakhya
 Quality Improvements in SSA
 2004-05
50.00%
44.26%
45.00%
39.91%
40.00%
35.05%
35.00%
30.00%
BOYS
25.00%
GIRLS
20.00% TOTAL
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
BOYS GIRLS TOTAL
No. of institutions 2002 2007
Universities 201 378

Colleges 12342 18064

NAAC Accredited:

(i) Universities 61 140

(ii) Colleges 198 3492

Enrollment(lakhs) 75 140
 Compulsory education for children upto the age
of 14 and free elementary education.
 Condition of teachers should be improved and
special emphasis should be given to their salary
scale.
 Agriculture and industry curriculums at different
levels should be modified.
 Due recognition given to the work done in
specialized institutes of specific research.
 10+2+3 structure should be followed to bring
uniformity.
 To bring national integration study of 3 languages
are compulsory.
 The expansion of higher education has been
completely unplanned, unwieldy and chaotic.
 There is lack of institution which do not impart
education through part time correspondence
courses .
 The general standards of education is low and
the percentage of failures and drop-outs is very
high.
 A large no. of educated people are unemployed
which has made investment in human resources
unproductive
 Best educated people migrated to western
countries which result in heavy loss.
 Restriction should be introduced on higher
education .Research should be both meaningful
and productive and emphasis should be on
quality not on quantity.
 Education should be made job-oriented.
 There is no point in producing science graduates
if they can get only clerical jobs.
 In rural area emphasis should be on agriculture
and vocational education.
 Technical education should be properly planned
by the govt.
 Raise the standard of education right from
primary and secondary level.
• Increases productivity and healthy work force.
• Improves health of children and thus
increases literacy rate.
• The economic gains are relatively greater for
poor people.
• Provision for control of Epidemics.
• Provision of health services to patients for various
diseases.
• Training Programmes for employees in health
department & primary health centres in rural sectors.
• 5th five year plan- Integration of health development
programmes with family welfare & nutrition.
• Emphasis on increasing health services in rural
sectors.
• Improvement in education & training of health
personnel.
 • 6th five year plan-
I. Provision of better health & medical care services in
the rural areas.
II. A Community based programme of health care &
medical services in rural areas.
• Launch of National Rural Healthcare Mission.
NRHM was introduced to address infirmities and problems across
primary health care and to bring about improvement in the health
system in the rural areas.
AIM: To provide universal access to equitable, affordable and
quality health care.
Core Strategies:
•Train and enhance capacity of PRI’s to supervise and manage
public health services
•Promote access to improved health care at household level,
through the female health activist (ASHA)
•Health plan for every village by the Village Health committee of
the Panchayat.
•Integrate vertical health and family welfare programs at
National, State and district levels.
•Develop Capacities for preventive health care at all levels and
promote healthy lifestyles.
Supplementary Strategies:
 Regulation of private sector including the informal rural
practitioners to ensure availability of quality service to people at
reasonable cost.
 Provide health security to the poor by ensuring accessible,
affordable, accountable and good quality health care.
Expected Outcomes:
 IMR-reduced to 30/1000 live births by 2012
 Maternal Mortality-reduced to 100/100000 live births by 2012
 Malaria Mortality -reduced by 50% by 2010 and more 10% by 2012
 Leprosy prevalence rate reduced to less than 1 per 10000 by 2010
 Tuberculosis(DOTS)-maintain 85% cure rate through entire mission
period and sustain planned case detection rate.
 Emphasis on upgrading all health establishments in the district to
IPHS.
NUHM will meet health needs of the urban poor, particularly the slum
dwellers by making available to them the essential primary health
care services.
AIM: To invest in high caliber health professionals, appropriate
technology through PPP and health insurance or the urban poor.
Objectives of NUHM:
 Provide resources for addressing health problems among the urban
poor.
 City specific urban health care system ,also involving community
for proactive involvement in planning, implementing and
monitoring of health activities.
 Frame work for partnerships with NGOs, charitable hospitals etc

 2-tier system of risk pooling: i)Mahila Arogya Samiti ii) Health

Insurance Scheme
 Improving health quality
 Adopting a system centric approach rather than a
disease centric approach.
 Increasing Survival
 Taking advantage of local enterprise for solving local
health problems
 Establishing e-Health
 Improving access to and utilization of quality
healthcare
 Focusing on neglected and excluded areas.
 Providing focus to health system and bio medical
research.
 Training, education and capacity building for e-health for
tele -consultation ,e-enabled mobile medical units, health
help lines, etc.
 Gender responsive health care(MMR, postpartum care, safe
abortion services, Increase the sex ratio)
 Child health care, home based new born
care(HBNC),integrated management of neonatal and
childhood illness(IMNCI)
 Health care for older people to increase life expectancy
 National Aids Control Program (NACP)
 National Cancer Control Program (NCCP)
 National Program for prevention and control of Diabetes,
Stroke, etc
 National Mental Health Program (NMHP)
 Reduce no of casualties caused due to occupational
negligence and not following safety measures
Problem
• Large number of people suffer from undernutrition
and malnutrition---
o Less calorie intake (1800 instead of 2400)
o Anaemia = 1. Children (77%),
2. Pregnant woman (90%).
Solution
• Launch of Integrated Child Development Services
• Launch of Mid-day Meal Scheme.
• Launch of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act.
 Productivity of physical capital is substantially
enhanced if an improvement in human capital is
effected
 Such training has an advantage that it can be
provided fast and without much cost. It can be
tailored to the learning capabilities of the
individuals.
 Such training increases the skills and efficiency of
the workers which leads to an increase in
production and productivity.
 Central government’s Department of
Agricultural Research and Education in 1973
 India has twenty eight agricultural
universities which include 164 colleges
specializing in agriculture, vetinary science,
agricultural engineering, home science,
fisheries, dairy etc.
According to the WORLD FACTBOOK migration
rate is 0.05% per 1000 people for job
opportunities.
Thank you.