The Future of GREEN Buildings

Distributed Energy Generation The Latest in Renewable Energy Technologies

Distributed Energy Generation

Agenda
Distributed Energy Generation What is it?
Energy provided at a facility local to its end use which offsets energy transported from
distant sources.

Agenda
Facility Energy Planning Roadmap
Renewable Technologies and Fuels
Coordination of Energy Efficiency and Distributed Generation
Markets and Market Drivers
Summary

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Facility Energy Planning

Roadmap

Build your vision for the future.

Johnson Controls PowerPoint Guidelines | February 8, 2008

Energy Planning Strategies

Path to Reduction in Energy Costs
1. Energy Efficient Operational Changes
Optimize Operations and Resources
Low hanging fruit !!

2. Energy Efficient Technologies and Smart Building Controls

Energy and Demand Management Controls
Storage Options
High financial impact !!

3. Distributed Generation (electricity and/or heat):

Renewable Energy Sources
Electricity Generation or Co-generation (Heat and/or Electricity)
Path to Net Zero and Independence

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Energy Planning Strategies

Path to Net Zero Energy and Increased Independence
4. Critical Systems Backup
Evaluate critical systems
Strategy for extended outages

5. Net Zero Energy Usage (Electricity and/or Heat)

Completely control energy costs.
Completely control emissions and carbon footprint.

6. Energy Independence (Electricity and/or Heat)

Generate what is needed on-site when it is needed.
Leverage efficiency, demand management, storage and
generation technologies.

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Renewable Generation
Technologies and
Renewable Fuels
What are the latest technologies available on
the market?

Denver, CO
Johnson Controls PowerPoint Guidelines | February
8, 2008
US Bureau of Land Management,

Renewable Energy
Technologies and Renewable Fuels
Electricity Generation
Solar Photovoltaics (PV)

Glen Hill Middle School, Glendale, WI

Solar Thermal

Absecon BOE, Absecon, NJ

Solar Electric

Whitehall/Coplay Schools, Whitehall, PA

Geothermal Heat Pump

Holmdel BOE, Holmdel, NJ

Solar PV System

US Army, Ft. Bliss, TX

Solar PV System

US Army, Ft. Bliss, TX

Solar PV System

Significant material cost reductions

Wind Energy
Biogas fueled generators

Heat Generation
Solar Thermal
Geothermal Heat Pumps (constant ground
temp)
Heat from biogas electric generators
Biomass boilers and furnaces
Wood based
Other fuels available

Back River WWTP, Baltimore, MD

Biogas Anaerobic Digester CHP plant.

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Back River WWTP, Baltimore, MD

Solar PV System

Coordination of Energy
Efficiency and
Distributed Generation
How do various energy reduction and
generation measures fit together?

Johnson Controls PowerPoint Guidelines | February 8, 2008

Coordination of Energy Efficiency and

Distributed Generation Measures
Energy Efficiency Measures
Reduce energy consumption
Typically cost far less than generating energy.
Applicable to every situation !!!

Distributed Generation
Baseload generation (high up-time):
Reduce Utility Energy Charges
Reduce Utility Demand Costs
Renewable and non-renewable fuel sources
Weather Dependent Renewables (intermittent)
Reduces Energy Related Charges
Solar PV Systems
Wind Generators
Dependent on Climate
Pure, clean, and renewable.

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Electricity Purchases
Utility Billing Components
How do various technologies reduce the
overall cost of electricity?
Energy Usage (per kWh Charges)
High Value / Impact:
Operational changes and controls
Energy efficient equipment
Medium Value / Impact:
Intermittent Distributed Generation
Continuous Distributed Generation

Demand Charge Reduction (per kW Charges)

High Value / Impact:
Operational changes
Energy efficiency measures
Continuous distributed generation
Stationary storage systems
Low Impact:
Intermittent distributed generation (renewable)

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Net-Zero Electricity Example

Markets and
Market Drivers

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Johnson Controls PowerPoint Guidelines | February 8, 2008

Market Drivers Mid Atlantic Region

Each Energy Strategy is Unique

Dynamic
Markets

Electric Price

Solar Radiation

Heating DD

Fuel Price

Wind Speed

Cooling DD

Biofuel Price

Ground Temp

Individual facilities energy needs a large factor for

incorporating Distributed Generation technologies.
Regulatory, individual energy costs and environmental
characteristics all drive applicability of technologies by region
Availability of Renewable Resources or Carbon Neutral Fuels
vary by region in cost and availability.

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Geographically
Dependent

Solar PV Installations in the United States

Continued Growth
Installations in the Non-residential Sector
continue to grow year over year.
Costs for Solar Modules is 15% to 25% of 2008
driving project costs to less than half of just 5
years ago.
New Jersey is #2 in the country for 2012 in nonresidential installations.
MA, PA, MD, NY are also in the top 10!
Federal Tax Credits (30%), while still available,
make further improvements in reaching gridparity for an expanded market segment for
taxable entities.

Source: GTM Research Forecast 12/12/2012

Non-taxable entities can enter into Power

Purchase Agreements that reduce electricity
costs in some markets.

Source: GTM Research Forecast 12/12/2012

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Summary

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Johnson Controls PowerPoint Guidelines | February 8, 2008

Summary Roadmap to Increasing Energy Independence

Create a long-term energy plan or strategy

Where are you and where are you going?
Corporate initiative and goal setting.

Adjust Operations for Energy Reductions

Incorporate Energy Efficient Technologies to further reduce energy
purchases
Incorporate Energy Generation Options:
Renewable Energy Sources
Other Distributed Generation

Move toward energy independence and/or Net Zero depending on goals.

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Please work with your local JCI Account

Executive in order to discuss specific
goals, needs, requirements and aspirations
for the future!!

Thank you !!!

Douglas B. Williams, PE
Solar Engineering Manager
Solar Engineering Center of Excellence
Johnson Controls, Inc.
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Johnson Controls - Greenbuild Conference 2013