Shear walls

1)

Selection of appropriate structural system for a given

building is important for its safety and economy.

2)

It is an important decision that is taken by the structural

engineer.

3)

For multi-storied buildings, where horizontal loads of great

importance, frames with shear walls are provided to resist
both vertical and horizontal loads.

Classification of earth quake

Slight:

Magnitude up to 4.9 on the Richter Scale

Moderate:

Magnitude 5.0 to 6.9

Great:

Magnitude 7.0 to 7.9

Very Great:

Magnitude 8.0 and above

Dual systems:

Building with dual system consists of shear walls

(or braced frames) and moment resisting frames
such that,
The two systems are designed to resist the total
design lateral force in proportion to their lateral
stiffness considering the interaction of the dual
system at all floor levels and
The moment resisting frames are designed to
independently resist at least 25 percent of the
design base shear.

SHEAR WALLS:
Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings often have
vertical plate-like RC walls called SHEAR WALLS in
addition to slabs, beams and columns. These walls generally
start at foundation level and are continuous throughout the
building height. Their thickness can be as low as 150mm, or
as high as 400mm in high rise buildings. Shear walls are
usually provided along both length and width of buildings

Reinforced concrete shear walls

Shear walls must be symmetrical plan

Different geometric shapes are used

Reinforcement Bars in RC Wall:

1)

Steel reinforcing bars are to be provided in walls

in regularly spaced vertical and horizontal grids.

2)

The vertical and horizontal reinforcement in the

wall can be placed in one or two parallel layers
called curtains. Horizontal reinforcement needs to
be anchored at the ends of walls.

3)

This vertical reinforcement should be distributed

uniformly across the wall cross-section.

Main reinforcement in shear walls

Moment resistant frames:

1)

A space frame with moment resisting joints and

strengthening by shear walls to assist in
carrying horizontal loads. The momentresisting frame must be capable of resisting at
least 25 percent of the base shear.

2)

Moment-resisting frames carry lateral loads

primarily by flexure in the members and joints.

TYPES OF BRACINGS

There are two types of bracing systems,

1)Concentric
2)

Bracing System and

Eccentric Bracing System.

PROPOSED PROJECT WORK:

1)

The project includes a study on analysis and

design of building with moment resistant
frames and dual system in high seismic zones.

2)

The design and analysis is with both manual

and software, so that the result is compared in
all the parameters like Modeling the frame,
assigning the loads.