SAFETY AIRBAGS IN

CARS
Submitted By:Ujjwal
2k11/PE/039

OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC

Introduction
The basics of Airbags
Development of Airbags
Main parts of Airbags
Sensor types
Working of Airbags
Modern types of Airbags
Future of Airbags
Disarming the Airbags
Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
For years, the trusty seat belt provided the sole
form of passive restraint in our cars.
There were debated about their safety,
especially relating to children.
But over time, mush of the country adopted
mandatory seat-belt laws.
Statistics have shown that the use of seat belts
has saved thousands of lives that might have
been lost in collisions.

No safety device has consumed more

attention and resources than the airbag.
It is known with high confidence that
when a crash occurs, the presence ofairbag
reduces fatality risk to drivers.
Airbags are subject of serious government
and industry research.

THE BASICS OF AIR

BAGS
Newtons second law of motion :
If objects arent restrained, they will continue
moving at the speed of the moving car even if the
car is stopped by collision.
All airbags need to do is to slow down passengers
speed.

DEVELOPMENT OF AIR
First patent on an BAGS
inflatable crash-landing

device for airplanes was filed during World War

II.
In the 1980s the first commercial air bags
appeared in automobiles.
Ever since 1988, it became a binding.
Efforts to adapt the airbag was stranded due
to prohibitive prices and technical hurdles.

MAIN PARTS OF AIR BAG

Bag
Sensor
Inflation System

Bag
Made of a thin, nylon fabric, which is folded
into the steering wheel or dashboard or, the
seat or door.
The powdery substance released (regular
cornstarch or talcum powder ) is used to keep
the bags lubricated while theyre in storage.

SENSOR
The sensor is the device that tells the
bag to inflate.
It works with the control module to
discriminate between crash and non-crash
events.

INFLATION SYSTEM
NaN3 + KNO3 = produce large volume of
nitrogen gas.
Hot Blasts of the nitrogen inflate the air
bag from its storage site up to 322Kmph.

CONSTRUCTION OF AIR
BAGS
Airbag
are assemblies consisting of
the airbag (made of Nylon), inflator modules and
sensor housing, electrical connectors (Clock
spring), airbag retainer and the cover.

SENSOR TYPES
BALL AND MAGNET TYPE SENSOR

SPRING AND ROLLER TYPE

INFLATOR ASSEMBLY
o Control module activates the airbag
assembly - an electric current is sent to
the detonator - ignition the sodium azide
pallets evolves nitrogen gas.

WORKING OF AIR BAGS

Air Bags are designed to inflate in frontal
impacts in which the car strikes about 16
Kilometers per hour .
After collision , sensors sends an electric
current to igniter system.
The electric current heats a filament (wire),
which ignites a capsule which in turn ignites
the gas-generating pallets.
The gas expands quickly and inflation of
airbags thereby takes place, which breaks
through a plastic cover in the steering wheel .

MODERN TYPES OF AIR

BAGS
Curtain Air Bags
Developed by Mercedes and Volvo.
Inflate in front of windows to provide
passengers better head and neck protection.
More efficient at tipping and side impacts .
Reduce HIC by 80% .

HEAD THROAX BAG

Developed by ford and Renault .
High protection to head .

Inflatable Tubular Structure (ITS)

Developed by BMW .
The worlds first airbag for head protection .

FUTURE OF AIR BAGS

SMART SYSTEMS
Weight Sensors:
determine what type of occupant is in the seat, i.e.
adult or child.
Infrared Occupant detection:
To detect the distance the passenger is from the
airbag .
Capacitive Reflective Occupant Sensing:
Identify the distance passengers from the
dashboard.
To discriminate between a human occupant and

Updated sensors :
Deploys the seat belt pretensioners faster to
get benefits of the airbags.
Centralized electronic Control Unit:
The new sensor technology through new
software.

Smart Air Bag

AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT

Airbag inflation .
Depicts your contact with the airbag .
Coming to rest in the seat and the deflation of
the airbag .
All takes place in about 30 milliseconds .

Drivers Side Airbag

AIR BAGS CHECKS

o When we turn the key, look at the dash to find
airbag or SRS light for 7-10 seconds and then go
out.
oProblem occurs when
If the light does not come on .
If the light does not go off after period .
If the Light comes on while driving .

DISARMING THE AIR

Disconnect the battery
BAGS
Wait 30 seconds.
Remove the airbag fuse.
Drop the sound insulator panel.
Disconnect the circuits .
Thus the bag is disarmed.
Keep the bag below 130 degree Celsius .

CONCLUSION
Air bags are of greater importance in todays
vehicles since safety of human life is of prior
importance.
So far safe riding and for saving the precious
life the safety bags must be implemented.
Lets hope every automobile manufacturer
implement the same.

THANK
YOU