Dr.

Tri Suciati

spongy bone
Proximal

compact

epiphysis

bone
Endosteu
m

diaphysis

epiphyseal
line

yellow
marrow
Sharpeys

Distal
epiphysi

fibers
hyaline

periosteum

Pengantar

Circulatory System

Three basic components:

Heart - serves as pump that establishes

the pressure gradient needed for blood to
flow to tissues
Blood - transport medium within which
materials being transported are dissolved
or suspended
Blood vessels - passageways through
which blood is distributed from heart to all
parts of body and back to heart

Functions Of Blood
Vessels

Arteries - carry blood away from heart

Arterioles - small arteries that deliver blood to
capillaries

Capillaries thin walled vessels allow for

exchange between blood and tissue cells

Venules - collect and drain blood into veins

Veins - return blood to heart

Structural Differences

Arteries have thicker tunica media and narrower lumens

Veins have thicker tunica externa
Arteries have more elastic and collagen fibers
Veins have larger lumens and valves

Types Of Arteries

Elastic arteries the largest arteries

Diameters range from 2.5 cm to 1 cm
Includes the aorta and its major branches
Sometimes called conducting arteries
High elastin content dampens surge of

blood
pressure

Types Of Arteries

Muscular (distributing) arteries

Lie distal to elastic arteries
Diameters range from 1 cm to 0.3 mm
Includes most named arteries
Tunica media is thick
Unique features
Internal and external elastic laminae

Types
Of Arteries
Arterioles
Smallest arteries
Diameters range from 0.3 mm to 10 m
Larger arterioles possess all three tunics
Diameter of arterioles controlled by:
Local factors in the tissues
Sympathetic nervous system

Capillaries

Site-specific functions of capillaries

Lungs oxygen enters blood, carbon dioxide

leaves
Small intestines receive digested nutrients
Endocrine glands pick up hormones
Kidneys removal of nitrogenous wastes

Tendons and ligaments poorly

vascularized
Epithelia and cartilage avascular,
receive nutrients from nearby CT

Pulmonary
Circulation
Consists of blood vessels
that take the blood to and from the

lungs for the purpose of gas exchange

Pulmonary Trunk: oxygen-poor blood leaves the right ventricle via

the pulmonary trunk; large artery that branches to left and right
pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary Arteries : take the blood to the lung where oxygen is
picked up and CO2 is left off
Pulmonary Veins: blood returns to the heart via four pulmonary
veins that go to the left atrium

Systemic Circulation

Consists of blood
vessels that extend to
and from the heart
delivers oxygen and
nutrients to body
tissues picks up CO2
and waste products

 Sirkulasi
Sistemik
Sirkulasi
portal
hepatik
Sirkulasi
Pulmoner
Sirkulasi
Fetal

ARTERI SUBCLAVIA

ARTERI ILIACA EXTERNA

Aorta ascenden

Kepala dan Otak --Arteri

Kepala dan Otak --Vena

Lanjutan aorta ascendens

Jalannya menurun, berakhir pada discus
invertebralis antara vertebra 4-5, menjadi
aorta thoracicus
Panjang 4-5 cm
Tiga cabang utama: truncus
brachiocephalicus, carotid communis kiri, dan
subclavia kiri
A.Subclavia kiri merupakan cabang ketiga ,
distribusi darah ke a. vertebral kiri dan
pembuluh darah ekstremitas superior
Cabang a. Subclavia kiri dan kanan memiliki
penamaan yang sama

Ekstremitas Superior

Ekstremitas Superior- Vena

Aorta Thoracica

Aorta Abdominalis

Ekstremitas Inferior

Ekstremitas Inferior