The Holocaust

1933 - 1945

Boycotts
1st April 1933

The first boycotts on Jewish shops took place

on 1st April 1933. These boycotts meant that
only Jewish people were allowed to shop at
Jewish shops.
Germans did not shop at Jewish shops because they were
afraid they would be called a Jew lover and they would
be named and shamed on the Prange-Liste. Also, soldiers
stood outside Jewish shops to humiliate any Germans
shopping there.

Laws against
Jews
1934 - 1936
1934

1934
Order was issued which prohibited
Jews from having health insurance

1934
No Jews allowed in public places such
as swimming pools and parks

1934
Jews were made to wear the Star of
David

15th September 1935

Nuremburg Laws were introduced
making Jews non-citizens of Germany
and prohibiting marriage between
Jews and non-Jews

1936
Further laws were passed to stop Jews
owning property and working in
certain jobs

1936

How did
Mein
Kampf
portray
Jews?

In Hitlers Mein Kampf , Jews are portrayed as the incarnation of

evil and are described as a grimacing, leering devil infested
with infernal powers.
This showed Hitlers view on Jews and this was reflected in the
Nuremburg Laws. The Nuremburg Laws and 1933 Boycotts
meant that all Germans had to recognise that Jews were noncitizens.

Kristallnacht
9th November 1938

Shops and homes were set

alight as the German police
and fire service looked on.
SS Guards and Germans alike
beat Jews in the street.
Everywhere you could hear
the shattering of glass.

Kristallnacht
9th November 1938

17-year-old Jewish student

kills a Nazi who expelled
his parents from Germany

The violence went on for a

week and 100 Jews were
killed. Another 26,000
were arrested and sent to
concentration camps

Hitler uses this event as

an excuse to start violent
attacks on Jewish property
and synagogues

Jews were blamed for

starting the riots and were
made to pay for the
damage

How did WWII affect

Jews?
Hitler segregated
Jewish people in
certain areas called
ghettos

Walls built
around the
ghetto

Strict curfews
Jews could not
get out of the
ghettos

All Jews made to

carry ID cards

In 1941, 10% of
the population in
Warsaw ghetto
died of typhus

Jews had to rely

on the Nazis for
food and
medicine

Living
conditions
become more
appalling

How did WWII affect

Jews?
We were instructed to
build walls and gates
around the edge of
the ghetto. We realised
this was to stop us from
leaving but had no
choice in the matter.

Whoever couldnt walk

was shot on the spot
children, women, elderly
men, on the street.
Some people were
caught and shot

Ghettos in Europe

How did some Jews

Violent resist?
Non-Violent
1943 Warsaw ghetto
uprising Jews rioted and
attacked Nazi guards for
nearly a month until they
were eventually
overpowered

Secret underground
newspapers distributed
Jews such as Anne Frank
kept diaries
Controversial activities in
the ghettos such as
concerts

The Final Solution

Before the Final Solution was decided at the Wannsee Conference in
1942, Jews were killed by the Einstazgruppen

Einstazgruppen Group of Nazis who rounded up Jews and shot

them.

A member of the
Einstazgruppen

The Final Solution

At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Hitler met with other important
Nazis and decided on the Final Solution.

Final Solution Hitlers plan to exterminate all Jews in Europe.

Jews in the
concentration
camps

The Final Solution

Jews were taken from the ghettos and put into either a concentration
camp or a death camp depending on your health.
Jews transported from the ghettos by train

On arrival, they would be ordered to undress

and all possessions would be taken away
Separated into two lines
Fit to Work
Unfit to Work
Sent to a
concentration
camp to be
starved or worked
to death

Sent to a death
camp to be
gassed or shot
immediately

Diary entries

It ende
du
ravines p being calle
dt
and the
gutters he death ma
rc
, they w
ere all h, because th
red fro
m bloo e
d

heard screams,
we
,
up
ed
en
op
s
te
ga
e
th
e
The minut
barking of dogs...

"One of the first in my

car, I saw a message
scrawled in
blood on the wall."

Auschwitz i
The main concentration camp

Arbeit Macht Frei: The lie told to every man, woman

and child who entered Auschwitz; Work sets you free

Key facts about Auschwitz...

About 6000 people were killed every day at Auschwitz

90% of those killed at Auschwitz were Jews
More people died in Auschwitz than the British and American losses of World War
Two combined

A
survivors
depiction of
life in the
exterminati
on camps