LEARNING SECTION

KAPA COSSA JONAHTAN

acilities Engineering

Manufacture Data Reports

Contain all manufacture data:
Manufactured by and for, certified, location
installation, type, all specification,
Certification of design, shop compliance,
field assembly compliance, and field
assembly inspection
For Pressure Vessel MDR Form shall follow
ASME VIII D2 MA APPI 2001

Fabrication Requirements (PV)

ASME VII D2 PART AF1 2001
Materials

Identifying each piece of material by asbuilt sketch and tabulation. Material must
be certified by test report or certificate of
compliance and the coded marking.
Repair of Defective materials contain
Examination (by MT or PT) and Repair
by welding (procedure contain in Section
IX)
Examination of Finished use MT or PT

Fabrication Requirements (PV)

ASME VII D2 PART AF1 2001
Forming

Process forming shall not unduly impair the

mechanical properties of material
Cut edge base material with thicknesses
over 1.5in shall examined for
discontinuities by MT and PT
Preliminary shaping of edges of plates to be
rolled
Tolerance of shell and formed heads
Fitting and alignment

Non Destructive Test

Non Destructive test is analysis techniques used to
evaluate properties of material , component or system
without causing any damage
Ex:
RT
UT
MT
PT
VT
LT
ET
AE

= Radiography
= Ultrasonic
= Magnetic Particle
= Liquid Penetrants
= Visual
= Leak Testing
= Electromagnetic (Eddy Current)
= Acoustic Emission

Radiographic (RT)
The test object is
placed between the
radiation source and
detector. Used to
inspect almost any
material surface and
subsurface defect
Image show internal
feature of the test
object. Ex: thickness,
feature of hidden part

Electromagnetic (ET)
Eddy current is used
to measured, find
flaws, characterize
conductivity,
permeability, and
dimensional features
of near surface
conductive material

Magnetic Particle (MT)

Magnetic line travel
through material, and
exit and reenter the
material. Defect cant
support as much flux
and force other flux
Used to inspect
ferromagnetic
materials. Complex
area can be inspected
rapidly

Ultrasonic (UT)
Wave are sent and
travel into a material
by transducer.
(metals, plastics, and
wood)
Energy and time
received are
analyzed to
determine the
presence of flaw

Liquid Penetrant (PT)

Liquid penetrate by
capillary action. Need
precleaned surface
component and used to
find breaking defects.
PT will work on most
nonporous materials

Hydrostatic Test
The usage of hydrostatic test:
To ensure that Leak, flaw and damage
arent existed in PV, Plumbing, or Pipeline
To ensure tightness and strength

Standard ASME VII Divison I

Hydrostatic conduct:

After procedure and fabrication completed also

get approval from Owner and Third Party (if any)
Pressure test
1.3*(St/Sd)*MAWP at every point vessel
(minimum standard)
Special Test (agreement between user and
manufacturer)
Pressure gauge, pressure recorder, temperature
and gauge have been calibrated

Pressure Testing Failure

Vessel Cracked
during Hydrotest

Sphere
tank
collapse
due to
severe
corrosion
on
support

Overpressure
during preparation
of hydrostatic

Tank collapsed
during emptying of
water

Guidelines in Testing
Check testing medium compatibility
Check water or air supply pressure is

sufficient
Ensure venting capacity is sufficient for
filling rate
Ensure the vent is large enough to avoid
vacuum during emptying after test if the
vessel is not designed to full vacuum
Check vessel support and foundation
Drain water in control manner if present of
internal could create restriction and
potentially lead to partial vacuum

Facility Piping
A. PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE
The pressure rating is provided by ANSI
Pressure Classification System. Design
temperature must be > any normal and
abnormal mode of operation
B. COST
Piping material, assembly of joint
selected, handling due to the weight,
physical damage allowance, and support

C. CORROSION RESISTANCE
ability of pipe to resist the internal corrosive
effects of the fluid flowing trough pipe.
General corrosion (potential dissolution)
Localized corrosion
D. PHYSICAL STRENGHT
capability to resist the damage

Metallic Pipe and Piping Materials

ALUMINIUM (AL)

Al alloy conforms to ASTM B-210. Joint by brazing

or welding. Specialty services such as cryogenics
(Ductility and strength are necessary) and for
carrying compressed specialty gases (CR). Its
not suitable for acid, mercury and strong alkalis
BRASS (BR)

copper and zinc. Joint threaded, flanged, brazed,

or soldered. ASTM B43. Used for local branch
drainage lines.

CAST IRON SOIL PIPE (CI)

Joint: Hub and Spigot or hubless. Hub and spigot

end can be joined either by caulking or
elastomeric compression gasket. Hubless pipe is
joined by external compression coupling
ASTM A47: Hub and Spigot Cast Iron Soil Pipe and
Fitting
CISPI 301: Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe
CISPI 301: Hbless Cast Iron Fittings for Soil Pipe
Sanitary effluent, gravity drainage, vent system
(mod ex pressure, good resistance, good flow car,
good corrosion res. Dis: brittle, corrosive attack
by aggressive soil, heavy, high initial material

ACID RESISTANT CAST IRON (AR)

Gray CI containing 14.25-15% silicon. Joint; hub

and spigot or hubless. Hub and spigot end can
be joined by clauking and Rubless pipe is
joined by a compression coupling.
ASTM A 861
ASTM A 518
used for drainage or various corrosive liquids,
is recommended for exposed or underground
application where there is a possibility of
physical damage

CARBON STEEL (CS)

Service and utility system conform to ASTM A

53 and ASTM A 106
generally used for pressure piping. Adv; long
laying length, high internal and external
strength, availability of varying pipe thickness.
Dis; low corrosion resistance, require internal
and external protection (galvanizing)
Ductile iron pipe, Lead?????

STAINLESS STEEL (SS)

1.

2.
3.

4.
5.

Ferritic SS
Transport of strong oxidizing fluids (nitric acid) ASTM
grade 430.
Austentic SS
ASTM 304 and 316 (304L and 316L), ductile
Superaustentic SS
better withstand corrosion in a more severe
environment UNS alloys N08020, N08024, N08026
Martensitic SS
turbine blade and high temp part. ASTM grade 410
Duplex
good resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion
cracking and high mechanical strength properties
along with good ductility and impact strength. Dis;
corrosion of pipe by reducing acid and weld site
corrosion by oxidizing acids

Fittings
1. Cast Iron; available with screwed, hub and spigot, no

2.
3.

4.
5.

hub, or flanged end.

ANSI B 16.12: cast iron drainage fittings, threaded
ASTM A 47: cast iron drainage fittings, hub and spigot
CISPI 310: cast-iron soil pipe and fittings, hubless
Malleable Iron; screwed end. ANSI B 16.3
Cast copper alloy; solder.
ANSI B 16.18: Cast Copper Solder Joint Pressure
Fittings
ANSI B 16.23: Solder Joint Drainage Fittings
ANSI B 16.26: Cast Cooper Alloy Flared Fittings
Stainless Steel, Acid-Resistant CI same as pipe
Bronze; ANSI/ASME B16.15 available class 150-250
threaded ends. Flanges conforming to ANSI B 16.24

Joints
Caulked; hub and spigot end

For most Cast Iron joint, gasket and

coupling joint replace caulked

Compression Couplings

Sealing Sleeve, used to connect hubless CI,

AR, and GL piping
ASTM C 564 and CISPI 310 for cast iron

Screwed

Standard governing the fabrication of this

joint for service and utility systems is ANSI
B 2.1 American Standard Tapered Pipe
Threads

Soldered

Process used to join metallic pipe. Soldering

shall conform to standard ASTM-B8Z8 and
solder alloy shall conform ASTM B 32.
Brazzed
Cooper, aluminium. Brazing alloy shall conform
to ANSI/AWS A 5.8

Compression Gasket

standard fabrications:
ASTM C 564 : metallic pipe
ASTM D 3212: plastic pipe
CISPI HSN: Gasket for hubless cast iron soil
pipe

Mechanical Joint

is used for DI (Ductile Iron) pressure or

drainage pipe

Grooved
Wiped
Burned
Hinged Clamp

FLANGED
Flange dimensions shall
comply with ASNI/ASME B
16.5

Valves
AWWA C 500: gate valves

for water and sewage

system
AWWA C 540: rubber
seated ball valves
MSS SP 67: butterfly
valves
MSS SP 80: bronze gate,
globe,
angle,
and
check
1. body, 2.
ports, 3.
seat,
4. stem, 5. disc when valve is open, 6.
handle or handwheel when valve is open, 7. bonnet, 8. packing,
valves

9. gland nut, 10. fluid flow when valve is open, 11. position of disc
if valve were shut, 12. position of handle or handwheel if valve were
shut

GATE VALVE
Fully opened or closed only

it should not be used for

throttling service, as the gate
will vibrate (velocity flow)

Global valves
Used where throttling

and/or frequent
operation is desire.
this design
deliberately restricts
flow, unobstructed
flow is required.

Daily Production Ops

Thank You