Module contents theory

1.

Introduction

2.

Milk composition

3.

Physiochemical features of milk

4.

Milk processing

5.

Dairy products manufacturing

6.

Dairy microbiology

7.

Dairy factory and the environment

8.

Quality assurance of milk & milk products

4. Milk processing
1.

Collection and reception of milk

2.

Clarification

3.

Centrifugal separation

4.

Membrane filtration

5.

Standardisation

6.

Homogenization

7.

Pasteurization

8.

Sterilization

9.

Concentration

3. Centrifugal separation

What is centrifugal separation ?

1.

Principle

Why needs centrifugal separation?

2.

Importance

Methods of centrifugal separation

3.

Application

1. What is centrifugal separation ?

Isolation of individual milk

componentsCentrifugati
on
Milk component
Raw milk
Stokes Law

Raw composition ?

New composition ?

Centrifugal force is generated in a rotating vessel

2. Why needs centrifugal

separation ?

Variable composition in different dairy products

1.

Fluid milk products

2.

Concentrated milk products

3.

Condensed & Powdered

Cultured dairy products

4.

Pasteurized and Sterilized

Curd, Cheese, Yoghurt, Beverages

Creamy dairy products

Butter, Ice cream, Whipped cream, Ghee or anhydrous milk fat

Cont; Why needs centrifugal

separation ?

Milk is the basic raw material

It has variable constituents

1.

Water

2.

Butter fat or cream

3.

Milk sugar or lactose

4.

Protein

Whey & casein proteins

5.

Solid non fat

6.

Vitamins

7.

Minerals

Cont; Why needs centrifugal separation ?

Needs
separation
for matching
the dairy
products
composition

3. Methods of centrifugal separation

Two types of separation

Centrifugation

Filtration membrane processing (Next lesion)

Centrifugation

Similar to mechanical clarification

Centrifuge consists of

Up to 120 discs stack

Discs angle at a 45 to 60 degree

Discs separated by 0.4 to 2.0 mm gap

Discs has vertically aligned distribution holes

Separator disc stacks

Vertically aligned distribution
holes

Cont; Centrifugation

Introduce milk into top pan

Set machine to 1500rpm

Separate similar dense particles

Run until complete separation

Collect cream and skim milk separately

Control of the fat content

By a throttling valve in the cream outlet

Cream & skim milk

separation

1 Skim milk outlet with pressure regulating

valve
2 Cream throttling valve
3 Cream flow meter

Large scale cream separato

Milk processing unit with a separator

Milk processing unit with de-areotor,

separator & homogenizer

Separators at dairy plants

Small centrifugal separators

Manual separator

Electrical separator