SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND

SUSTAINABILITY

PRESENTED BY:
KAREN MARIE M. CABANTE

Sustainable developmentandsustainabilityinfluence today's urban planners. Some

planners argue that modern lifestyles use too many natural resources,pollutingor
destroyingecosystems, increasingsocial inequality, creatingurban heat islands, and
causingclimate change. Many urban planners, therefore, advocate sustainable cities.
However, sustainable development is a recent, controversial concept. [52]Wheeler, in his
2004 book, defines sustainable urban development as "development that improves the
long-term social and ecological health of cities and towns." He sketches a 'sustainable'
city's features: compact, efficient land use; less automobile use, yet better access;
efficient resource use; less pollution and waste; the restoration of natural systems; good
housing and living environments; a healthy social ecology; a sustainable economy;
community participation and involvement; and preservation of local culture and wisdom.
Urban plannersare now promoting asustainable city model, which consists of cities
that designed with consideration of environmental impacts, such as minimizing the uses
of energy, water, and the outputs of waste and pollution.
Nature in citiesOften an integral party of sustainable cities is the
Incorporation of nature within a city.
Car freesustainability in city planning can include largepedestrian zonesor be a
totallyCar free.

Collaborative Strategic Goal Oriented Programming(CoSGOP) is a

collaborative and communicative way of strategic programming, decision-making,
implementation, and monitoring oriented towards defined and specific goals.
Based on sound analysis of available information, emphasizes stakeholder
participation, works to create awareness among actors, and is oriented towards
managing development processes. It was adopted as a theoretical framework for
analyzing redevelopment processes in large urban distressed areas in European
cities

Background of CoSGOP'
CoSGOP is derived from goal-oriented planning (Gesellschaft fr Technische
Zusammenarbeit GTZ 1988), which was oriented towards the elaboration and
implementation of projects based on a logical framework, which was useful for
embedding a specific project in a wider development frame and defining its major
elements. This approach had weaknesses: its logical rules were strictly applied
and the expert language did not encourage participation. CoSGOP introduced a
new approach characterized by communication with and active involvement of
stakeholders and those to be affected by the program; strategic planning based
on the identification of strengths and weakness, opportunities and threats, as well
as on scenario-building and visioning; the definition of goals as the basis for
action; and long-term, flexible programming of interventions by stakeholders.

Elements of CoSGOP
are analysis of stakeholders (identifying stakeholders perceptions of problems,
interests, and expectations)
analysis of problems and potentials (including objective problems and problems
and potentials perceived by stakeholders)
development of goals, improvement priorities, and alternatives (requiring
intensive communication and active stakeholder participation)
specification of an improvement program and its main activities (based on
priorities defined with the stakeholders);
assessment of possible impacts of the improvement program
definition and detailed specification of key projects and their implementation
continuous monitoring of improvement activities, feedback, and adjustment of
the programme (including technical and economic information and perceptions
of stakeholders).

Application
CoSGOP has been applied in European cross-border policy programming, as well
in local and regional development programming. In 2004, the CoSGOP model
was applied in the LUDA Project, starting with an analysis of the European
experience of urban regeneration projects.

Collaborative planning in the United States

Experiences inPortlandandSeattlehave demonstrated that successful
collaborative planning depends on a number of interrelated factors: the
process must be truly inclusive, with all stakeholders and affected groups
invited to the table; the community must have final decision-making
authority; full government commitment (of both financial and intellectual
resources) must be manifest; participants should be given clear objectives by
planning staff, who facilitate the process by providing guidance, consultancy,
expert opinions, and research; and facilitators should be trained in conflict
resolution and community organization.