Summer Training Report

on

Power Transformer
Presented by :
Dheeraj Upadhyay
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

POWER TRANSFORMER

They have rating above 200 Kva

and used in generating station and
substation used for power
transmission line for stepping up and
stepping down the voltage.

Stages of Power Transformers

manufacturing are :
Design & Drawing
Winding Manufacturing
Core Building
Unlacing of Core
Fitting Bottom
insulation
Core Coil Assembly
Fitting of Top insulation

Relacing of core
Terminal Gear
Mounting
Final Tanking
Testing
Despatch

Design & Drawing :

1

Phase

3
MVA

Rating
KVA
66 kv
Voltage Class
11 kv

50 Hz
Frequency
60 Hz

Connection
Y
Generating
Purpose
Substation
Distribution

Winding Used :
R-S Coil : reverse section
winding.
Helical coil : winded in shape
of spring.
Spiral coil : simply wounded
on the base.
Interleaved coil : winding
current rotates in same
conductor
Composite winding : more
than one conductor winded
with each other.

Helical winding
Interleaved

Core of Transformer :
Material Used :
CRGO : Cold rolled grain oriented
silicon steel is used to build the
core.
Purpose of using CRGO is to reduce
the Hysteresis losses. Laminations
of these sheets minimizes eddy
current loss.

Unlacing of core :
This is basically the phenomena of
removal of top end frame of the
core assembly so that the coils can
be mounted on the core.

Core Coil Assembly :

Core coil assembly consists of assembling the windings to the core
assembly. Core assembly is placed on a suitable leveled platform.
Tighten the three limbs with webbing tape. Top channels and top
yoke laminations are removed and placed on a table in the same
sequence. Bottom insulation items like pressboard rings, petals;
perma wood rings are placed on bottom yoke on each core limb.
Core wraps as specified in the design details are covered to the
core limbs and tightened with cotton tape.
L.V Coil : primary coil for step down transformer, made in order to
allow the flow of large current through it .
H.V Coil : Secondary coil for step down transformer, made in order
to allow high voltage and hence small current through it.
T.V Coil : this is known as the tertiary voltage coil.

Relacing Of Core :
The top yoke is again attached to
The Rest of the Core, the sheets
Are attached one by one or in
Packets (generally 2 to 4 in
numbers) to the core limb in
erect position. Then the job is
dipped in oil and then heated to
remove any kind of moisture in
it. After that the job is
compressed i.e. pressure is
applied from the top to compress
the coil and achieve the required
CD of the coil as specified in
design.

Processing and DRY OUT :

The presence of the moisture brings about the
reduction in the electric strength of material and
also increases its volume.
Dry out is necessary in this condition.
The final drying out is commenced either when
the core and winding are placed or when they
are fitted in to there tank, all main connections
made and the tank placed in an oven and
connected to the drying system

Final Tanking :
Tanking means..
assembling the core coil
assembling job into
transformer tank with
all necessary accessories
according to bill
ofmaterial
and design diagram.

Testing of Power
Transformer
Tests during manufacture :
Core plate checks
Core frame insulation
resistance
Core loss measurement
Winding copper checks
Tank tests

Final Testing :
Routine Tests

Voltage ratio and polarity.

winding resistance.
impedance voltage, short-circuit
impedence and load loss
dielectric tests.
(a) separate source AC voltage.
(b) Induced voltage.
no-load losses and current.
on-load tap changers, where appropriate.

TYPE Tests :
Temperature rise test.
noise level test.
lightning impulse tests.

EQIPMENTS USED FOR THE

PROTECTION OF POWER
TRANSFORMER

Lightning Arrester.
Over Current Relay.
Buccholz relay.
Earth fault relay.
Oil level indicator.
Over fluxing relay.

K
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