GLOBAL POSITIONING

SYSTEM
(GPS)
BY
AKANKSHA BAJPAI
BHUMIKA TULI

WHAT WE WILL TALK

ABOUT:

WHAT IS GPS?
WHY GPS?
HOW GPS WORKS?
APPLICATIONS OF GPS.

WHAT IS GPS?
Official name of GPS is
NAVigational Satellite Timing
And Ranging Global Positioning
System (NAVSTAR GPS).
A GPS receiver can tell its own
position by using the position
data of itself, and compares
that data with 3 or more GPS
satellites.

To get the distance to each satellite, the GPS

transmits a signal to each satellite. The signal
travels at a known speed.
The system measures the time delay between the
signal transmission and signal reception of the GPS
signal.
The signals carry information about the satellites
location. Determines the position of, and distance
to, at least three satellites, to reduce error.
The receiver computes position using trilateration.

WHY GPS?
TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHERE
YOU ARE & WHERE YOU ARE GOING
IS PROBABLYONE OF MANS OLDEST
PASTIMES.
NAVIGATION & POSITIONING ARE
CRUCIAL TO SO MANY ACTIVITIES &
YET THE PROCESS HAS ALWAYS
BEEN QUIET DIFFICULT & SLOW

 FINALLY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF

DEFENSE DECIDED THAT THE
MILITARY HAD TO HAVE A
SUPER PRECISE FORM OF
WORLDWIDE POSITIONING.
THE RESULT IS THE GLOBAL
POSITIONING SYSTEM,A
SYSTEM THATS CHANGED
NAVIGATION FOREVER

HOW GPS WORKS?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TRILATERATION
MEASURING DISTANCE
PERFECT TIMING
POSITION OF SATELLITE
ERROR CORRECTION

1.TRILATERATION
MORE GENERALLY, TRILATERATION
METHODS INVOLCE THE
DETERMINATION OF ABSOLUTE OR
RELATIVE LOCATIONS OF POINTS BY
MEASUREMENT OF
DISTANCES,USING THE GEOMETRY
OF SPHERRES OR TRIANGLES.

2.MEASURING DISTANCE
A GPS RECEIVER MEASURES
DISTANCE USING THE TRAVEL TIME
OF RADIO SIGNALS.
THE WHOLE THING BOILS DOWN TO
THOSE MATH PROBLEMS WEE DID
IN HIGH SCHOOLVELOCITY TIMES
TRAVEL TIME
i.e.,
VELOCITY X TIME = DISTANCE

3.PERFECT TIMING
IF THE TIMING OF THE RADIO
SIGNAL IS OFF BY JUST A
THOUSANDTH OF A SECOND, AT THE
SPEED OF LIGHT, THAT TRANSLATES
INTO ALMOST 200MILES OF ERROR!!
ON THE SATELLITE SIDE, TIMING IS
ALMOST PERFECT BECAUSE THEY
HAVE INCREDIBLY PRECISE ATOMIC
CLOCKS ON BOARD.

4.POSITION OF SATELLITES
ON THE GROUND ALL GPS RECEIVERS
HAVE AN ALMANAC PROGRAMMED INTO
THEIR COMNPUTERS THAT TELLS THEM
WHERE INTHA SKY EACH SATELLITE IS,
MOMENT BY MOMENT.
THE BASIC ORBITS ARE QUIET EXACT BUT
JUST TO MAKE THINGS PERFECT THE GPS
SATELLITE ARE CONSTANTLY MONITORED
BY THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.

5.ERROR CORRECTION
IN THE REAL WORLD THERE ARE
LOTS OF THINGS THAT CAN HAPPEN
TO A GPS SIGNAL THAT WILL MAK
ITS LIFE LESS THAN
MATHEMATICALLY PERFECT.
TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THE
SYSTEM, A GOOD GPS RECEIVER
NEEDS TO TAKE A WIDE VARIETY OF
POSSIBLE ERRORS INTO ACCOUNT.

APPLICATIONS OF GPS

LOCATION
GPS IS THE FIRST
POSITIONING SYSTEM TO
OFFER HIGHLY PRECISE
LOCATION DATA FOR ANY
POINT ON THE PLANET, IN
ANY WEATHER.

NAVIGATION

GPS HELLPS
YOU TO
DETERMINE
EXACTLY
WHERE YOU
ARE, BUT
SOMETIMES
IMPORTANT TO
KNOW HOW TO
GET
SOMEWHERE
ELSE.

TRACKING
IF NAVIGATION IS THE PROCESS OF
GETTING
SOMETHING FROM ONE LOCATION TO
ANOTHER,
THEN TRACKING IS THE PROCESS OF
MONITORING IT
AS IT MOVES ALONG

MAPING
ITS A BIG WORLD OUT
THERE, AND USINH GPS TO
SURVEY AND MAP IT
PRECISELY SAVES TIME &
MONEY IN THIS MOST
STRINGENT OF ALL
APPLICATIONS.

TIMING
KNOWING THAT A GROUP OF
TIMED EVENTS IS PERFECTLY
SYNCHRONIZED IS OFTEN
VERY IMPORTANT.
GPS MAKES THE JOB OF
SYNCHRONIZING OUR
WATCHES EASY & RELIABLE.

THANK YOU