--/--/2013
Sedimentary Depositional
Environments (Clastics)
The figure shows
schematic
representation
of sedimentary
environments
which can be
grouped as:
Continental
Transitional
Marine
STAGES OF
DEVELOPMENT AND
EVOLUTION OF
HYPOTHETICAL
SEDIMENTARY BASIN
A number of basins
formed in
extensional settings
can undergo
inversion, which has
accounted for a
number of the
economically viable
oil & Gas reserves
on earth.
CATEGORY- I
2
6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
CAMBAY
ASSAM SHELF
BOMBAY OFFSHORE
KRISHNA-GODAVARI
CAUVERY
ASSAM-ARAKAN FOLD BELT
RAJASTHAN
3
4
5
Onland Area
Offshore Area
Total
1,16,000
1,16,000
Cambay
51,000
2,500
53,500
Cauvery
25,000
30,000
55,000
Krishna
Godavari
28,000
24,000
52,000
Mumbai
Offshore
1,16,000
1,16,000
1,26,000
1,26,000
Rajasthan
CATEGORY- II
BASINS WITH KNOWN
ACCUMULATION OF
HYDROCARBON BUT FROM
WHICH NO COMMERCIAL
PRODUCTION.
8. KUTCH
9. MAHANADI
10. ANDAMAN-NICOBAR
Onland Area
Offshore Area
Total
Kutch
35,000
13,000
48,000
Mahanadi
55,000
14,000
69,000
Andaman
Nicobar
6,000
41,000
47,000
11
CATEGORY-III
14
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
15
HIMALAYAN FOOTHILLS
GANGA BASIN
VINDHYAN
KUTCH-SAURASHTRA
KERALA-KONKAN-LAKSHWADEEP
BENGAL
13
12
16
Onland Area
Offshore Area
Total
57,000
32,000
89,000
1,86,000
1,86,000
30,000
30,000
94,000
94,000
52,000
28,000
80,000
1,62,000
1,62,000
CATEGORY- IV
BASINS WITH UNCERTAIN PROSPECTS WHICH MAY
BE PROSPECTIVE ON ANALOGY WITH SIMILAR BASIN
IN THE WORLD.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
KAREWA
SPITI- ZANSKAR
SATPURA- SOUTH REWA- DAMODAR
NARMADA
DECCAN SYNECLISE
BHIMA- KALADGI
CUDDAPAH
PRANHITA- GODAVARI
BASTAR
CHATTISGARH
Onland
Offshore
Area
Area
5,000
-
Total
5,000
8,500
8,500
32,000
39,000
32,000
39,000
2,73,000
2,73,000
3,700
17,000
3,700
17,000
15,000
15,000
Satpura-South
Rewa-Damodar
46,000
46,000
Spiti-Zanskar
22,000
22,000
Chattisgarh
Cuddapah
Deccan
Syncline
Karewa
Narmada
PranhitaGodavari
Cauvery Offshore
KG Offshore and
MBA Offshore
In East cost offshore the
reservoirs are mainly Clastics
and & rich in gaseous
hydrocarbon.
CAMBAY BASIN
MID MIOCENE
EARLY MIOCENE
LATE OLIGOCENE
EARLY OLIGOCENE
MID-LATE EOCENE
LATE PALEOCENE-EARLY
EOCENE
Dry
Gas
Oil
CAUVERY BASIN
The Cauvery Basin
encompasses an area of
55,000 sq. km.
The basin is subdivided into
six sub-basin:1.Ariyalur Pondicherry
2. Tranquebar
3. Thannjavur
4. Nagapatinam
5. Ramnad Palk Bay
6. Mannar sub-basin.
Ariyalur-Pondicherry sub-basin
Madanam horst
Tranquebar sub-basin
Kumbakonam horst
Karaikal horst
Nagapattinam sub-basin
Tanjore sub-basin
Pattukottai horst
Mandapam horst
Ramnad sub-basin
Kumbakonam
ridge
Tranquebar sub-basin
Karaikal ridge
Nagapattinam
Sub-basin
Vedaranyam ridge
Pattukottai
10/09/15
ridge
47
KA
ZA
KA
IKA
LU
RH
PL
KMT
PF
AU
LT
TA
NU
KU
HI
G
IL
LI
GR
AB
E
GR
AB
EN
BA
NT
UM
IGH
GU
DI
VA
DA
BA
PA
TL
A
HI
GH
KG-PG Basin
800 00
820 30
820 00
30
810 00
G E O L O G IC A L & T E C T O N IC M A P O F
K R IS H N A -G O D A V A R I B A S IN
5
170
30
SC A LE
10
30
50km
170
30
Tuni
K h a m m a m p e tt
P o la v a r a m
P it h a p u r a m
C h in ta la p u d i
170
00
R a ja h m u n d r y
J a g g a y y a p e ta
N u z v id
K A K IN A D A
170
00
N u z iv d
E LL O R E
K a ik a lu r
V IJ A Y A W A D A
30
30
S a t t er nn aa pp aa l l el e
G u n tu r
160
00
P a ru c h u ru
A v a n ig a d d a
16
00
N iz a m p a tn a m
A dd anki
30
O n g o le
K S -3
+
30
15
00
P L I O C E N E TO R E C E N T
M IO C E N E TO P L IO C E N E
T R A P W ITH IN T E R T R A P P E A N S /
IN F R A T R A P P E A N S
L O W E R E O C E N E TO P A L A E O C E N E
T IR U P A T H I - P A V A L U R
K a v a li
14
30
A L L U V IU M
RA J AHM UN D RY
L O W E R C R E TA C E O U S
UPPER G O N D W A N A
G O LLA PA LLI - BU D A V A D A
U P P E R J U R A S S IC
C H IN TA L A P U D I
U P P E R P E R M IA N TO
L O W E R T R IA S S IC
TA L C H IR / B A R A K A R
L O W E R P E R M IA N
C U D D A P A H - P A K H A L-S U L L A V A I
P R E C A M B R A IN - E A R L Y P A L A E O Z O I C
M E TA M O R P H IC S ( D h a rw a r s )
A R C H A E A N - P R E C A M B R IA N
N e llo r e
800 00
LO W E R G O N D W A N A
D R A W IN G S E C T IO N
E & D , E B G
SR B C
C H EN N A I
30
810 00
30
820 00
150
00
820 30
140
30
Mandapeta Sub-basin,
West Godavari sub-basin,
East Godavari sub-basin,
Krishna sub-basin,
Nizamapatnam sub-basin
&
6. K.G. Offshore sub-basin:
-shallow offshore,
-deep offshore and
-ultra-deep offshore.
K A K IN A D A
M D
K R IS H N A G O D A V A R I B A S IN
10
10
20KM
EM
M W
YA N A M
G R
PM
K K-1 2
SU
1 -A
EG
TP
M L
PO
EL
RZ
LS
KK
VA
AP
M R
NG
I- A
KZ
M M
I- G
RA
LP
M P
B H IM A V A R A M
LG
A M A LA P U R A M
AC
PS
G M
I- B
M G BN
KP
SI
G S -2 3 -4
G S-2 3 RA V VA
KW
I- F
KV
G S-2 9
G 2
G S-1 5
K G - O S - D W - IV
1 -B
M A
I- E
G S-8
M A S U L IP A T N A M
G 1
I N D E X
O IL
K G - O S - D W - III
G AS
G D -1 -1
RELEA SE D
RAVVA & G O D A VA RI
C LA Y P LA Y
G O D A VA R I C LA Y
(P L IO C E N E ) P L A Y
G S-3 8
R A V V A P LA Y
K G -O S-D W
K G - O S - D W - E X TN .
P E L - P L A Y - K G 1 - A - M A R 0 3
M A TS Y A P U R I /
V A D A PA R U P LA Y
F IE L D N A M E S :
K D -1 -1
AC
A C H A N TA
KV
K E SA V A D A SU PA LE M
M M
M U M M ID I V A R A M
AP
A D IV I P A L E M
KW
K E S A N A P A L L I- W E S T
M W
M A N D A P E TA - W E S T
P A S A R A L A P U D I/
P A L A K O L LU P L A Y
BN
B A N D A M U R U L A N K A - N O R TH
LP
LA N K A P A LE M
NG
N A N D IG A M A
TIR U P A TH I P L A Y
EG
E N U G U PA LLI
LG
L IN G A L A
PS
PA SA R LA PU D I
EL
E L A M A N C H IL L I
LS
LA KSH M A N ESW A R A M
PM
PEN UM A D AM
EM
EN DA M URU
M P
M E D A PA D U
PO
PO N N AM AN AD A
G R
G O KA RN A PURAM
M D
M A N D A P E TA
RA
RAN G APURAM
G M
G O PA V A R A M
M G
M A G A TA P A L L I
RZ
R A ZO LE
KK
K A IK A L U R
M A
M A H A D E V A P A TN A M
SI
S IR I G A TTA P A L L E
KZ
K A ZA
M R
M O RI
SU
S U R Y A R A O P E TA
KP
K E SA N A P A LL I
M L
M U L IK IP A L L I
TP
TA TI P A K A
VA
V A D A LI
RA G H AVA PURA M
P LA Y
K A N U K O LLU P LA Y
N A N D IG A M A P L A Y
G O LLA PA LLI P LA Y
M A N D A P E TA P L A Y
E & D , D R A W IN G S E C TIO N . , S R B C . , C H E N N A I.
Hi
gh
Ka
ik
in
e
Ka
Hi za
gh
Alluvial
Fan
Sh
ch all
an ow
ne m
l
ar
Ba
p
at
la
Hi
gh
Fan
Delta
ula
r
F
po luv
ba in ia
rs t l
More than 225 prospects have been probed by drilling of more than
557 exploratory wells. Hydrocarbon accumulations have been
proven in 75 of these prospects (22 oil & 53 gas).
Notable oil discoveries are Kaikalur, Vadali, Mori, Bantumilli,
Lingala, Suryaraopeta, Gopavaram, Kesanapalli, and Kesanapalli
West. The gas discoveries are Adavipalem, Elamanchili, Enugupalli,
Narsapur, Razole, Tatipaka-Kadali, Pasarlapudi, Mandapeta,
Chintalapalli. Nandigama, Endamuru, Penumadam, Ponnamanda,
Achanta, Mullikipalle, Magatapalli, Gokarnapuram,
Kesavadasapalem, Lakshamaneshwaram, Rangapuram and
Sirikattapalli.
In onshore, so far 141 prospects have been probed by 375
exploratory wells by ONGC, out of which 11 oil & gas pools and 31
gas pools have been discovered and most of them are on
production.
In offshore, so far more than 84 prospects have been probed by
182 exploratory wells . Hydrocarbon accumulations have been
proved in 33 of these prospects (11 oil & gas and 22 gas
prospects).
AREATYPERESERVES-
IG
IB
DWN-U-1
Oil
Gas
80 00'
83 00'
82 00'
84 00'
85 00'
SRIKAKULAM
VIJ AYANAGARAM
18
00'
18
00'
3
4
5
3
2
1
3
7
VISAKHAPATNAM
1
Bhadrac halam
4
2
5
3
4
5
4
5
3
KG-OSN -97/1-A-1
3
3
Kot hagudem
1
4
3
1
5
2
KG.D WN .98/5-L-1
5
3
1
7
5
ASP.1
KB-4-1B
7
5
4
KHAMMAM
4
3
11
15
7
15
11
14
14
11
15
13
9
7
7
1
17
00'
11
10
K B.1.1
S a marlakota
12
13
14
K ovvur
17
RAJ AHMUNDRY
00'
14
10
K BS.1.1A
KAKINADA
9
13
7
EM.9
17
13
7
EM.1
RP.1
PA.1
D S.1
15
VM.1
11
VLP.1
GR .1
21
19
20
SLP -1
PNL-1
15
MD -4
KG.D WN .98/4-K-1
N M.1
D KR -1
MW .4
6 MW.1A
TNK.1
N I.1
ELURU
BV-1
MD .1
MD .10
KKD.1
N DV.1
MD V.1
KMP.1
MVD -1
15
GPM.1
GS.17.1
MW.8
MW-9
KT-3
KI.1
KK.19
GJP .1
VIJAYAWADA
15
14
11
KK .5
D P.1
LG.11
LG.1
LLP.1
KK.16
K NK.1
KK.4
VD .1
KK.3 VND .1
GRZ.1
VV-2 VV-1
PR-2
VN K.1
C PK.1
2
BT.1
BT.3
LK.1
NS.5
TU-1
MAI.1
NMK.2
14
N G.1
MK.1
KZ.3
MODI.1
W M.2
KV.1
VMD .1
WM.1
KV-7
GS.22.1
GS.10.1
GS.8.1
22A.1
50.1
23.3
GS.49-2
GS.37.1
SM.1
GS.15.E.1
GS.20.1
G.1.2
2
6
G.4.1
G.4.3
G.4.2
DWN-D-1
GS.29.5
31
DWN -M-1
GS.1.1
G.3.1
GS.2.1A
G.2.4
G.2.1
D WN- P-1
DWN-A-1
G.1.3
DWN-Q-1
DWN-R-1
Annapurna-2
G.1.11
GS.5.1
VA-1A
MAC HI LIPATNAM
GS.11.1
GS.12.1
MB.1.2
MB.1.1
G.13.1
VA-2
VA-3
D WN-U-1
G.5.1
GS.25.1
16
00'
G.4.4
12
8
GS.19.1
KZ.1
GS.29.2
GS.29.1
R.25
R .24
G.1.1
G.1.9
K Z.2
LM.1
KA.1
22B.1
N G-6
T en ali
MR .1
GS.49.1
AKP .1
BML.1
KP.1
27
A P.1
15.8
4 KW.1
15.10
43.1
23.1
GSKW .1
46.1
23.2 GS.15.1
GS.21.1
15.6
15- 9
15.2
C P.8
SKP.1
PR P.1
PT .1
N G.5
MP.1
MG.1 SI.1
PO.1
CP.1
MY.1
N G.2
GUNTUR
LP.1
EL.1
R Z.6
EL.6
YS.4.1
YS.1.1
KM.1
KC .1
BMP.1
N U.1
PS.14
AB.1
VD P.1
RA .1A
SR-4
EP.1A R A.2
A D.1
29 SR.1
MN .1 VNT.1 5
A MP.1
24
PS.1
SR-2 GM.1
GM.5
D G.1
SSY.1
TP.1
BN .1
J NL.1
PLK.1
MPD .1
PKP.1
SRP.1
BT.5
PV.1
PAL.1
KTL.1
IP.1
AC .1
PM.1
PM.2
SN .1
PR .1A
AGL.1
SU.2
KK.12
KT .1
MA.1
MA.2
SU .1
3
GN .1
MM.1
PKR .1
MA.3
AK .1
SV.1
KG-DWN -98/4-A-1
KMG.1
GD-2-1
16
00'
GD .1.1
GD- 5-1
MPL.1
GD- 6-1
Bapat la
Nizam patnam
GD-3-1
PD P.1
DWN-W-1
BD P.1
B BK.1
GS.3.2
OUTCROP LEGEND
GS.3.1
9
GS .14.1
FORMATION
GS.38.1
GS.39.1
GS.41.1
15 ALLUVIUM
14 RAJ AHMUNDRY SA NDSTONE
13 TRAP WITH INTER TRAPPEANS
12 INFRATRAP PEAN
11 TIRUPATHI SANDSTONE
10 RAGHAVAPURAM SHALE
KD - 1-3
KD.1.1
KD .2.1
K D.4.1
O NGOLE
KS-3-1
9 GOLLAPALLI S ANDSTONE
8 MALERI
7 UPP ER KAMTHI/CHINTALAPUDI
6 MIDDLE KAMTHI
5 LOWER KA MTHI
4 BARAKAR
KD-3-1A
KR I-1-1
Fig - 2.3
AGE
3 TALCHIR
2 PAKHAL
1 ARCHAEAN
P LEISTOCENE TO HOLOCENE
MIOCE NE TO PLIOCENE
P ALEOCENE TO EARLY EOCENE
E ARLY PALEOCENE
UPPER CRETACEOUS
LOWER CRETACEOUS
LATE JURASSIC TO EARLY CRE TACEOUS
MIDDLE TO UPPER TRIASSIC
LOWER TRIASSIC TO UPPE R PERMIAN
-do-doP ERMIAN
UPPER CARBONIFEROUS TO LOWER PERMIAN
LOWER PROTEROZOIC
E ARLY PRECAMBRIAN
14
98/2-UD-1
14
LEGEND
KS-4-1
15
00'
OUT CROPS
CROSS TREND
MAJOR FAULT AT BASEMENT LEVEL
DRY
OIL
GAS
80 00'
81 00'
82 00'
83 00'
84 00'
85 00'
SC ALE :
5
10
20 Km.
By :
R J Michael, Ass t.D wg.Officer
15
00'
MBA Basins
The Mahanadi Basin is
located on the eastern
sea board of India and
covers the coastal
districts of Orissa State
and adjoining offshore
areas in Bay of Bengal. In
the land part, it covers an
area of about 55,000
Sq.Km. Its boundaries in
the north, west, and
south are marked by
outcrops of Precambrian
rocks and in the east the
basin extends into Bay of
Bengal, having an area of
about 14000 Sq.Km.
Hydrocarbon
Potential &
Prospectivity of
sedimentary Basins
What is a Prospect ?
Prospects Identification
Types of Prospects:
Oil prospect
Gas prospect
Oil & Gas prospect
Source Rock
Rocks that contain
sufficient amount of
Kerogen are called Source
Rock
When a source rock starts
generating oil and gas then
it is said to be mature.
Reservoir Rocks:
The essential element of petroleum
accumulation is Reservoir and essential
features of a reservoir rock is Porosity
i.e its ability to store fluid.
Sandstones: 59%
Carbonates: 40% &
Other fractured rocks: 1%
RESERVOIR ROCKS
A rock with enough porosity to be capable of storing economic
quantities of petroleum, and enough permeability to transmit flow
of hydrocarbons.
POROSITY :
The total sum of opening or voids that occur within a
rock. Usually expressed as a decimal percent.
Porosity is denoted by phi () and is given by the
equation
= Bulk Volume Grain Volume x 100
Bulk Volume
EFFECTIVE POROSITY :
Porosity that is available for storage of fluids.
Cap Rocks
The cap/seal rocks have pore throats
too small and poorly connected to allow
the passage of hydrocarbons.
The geographical extent of seal rocks
defines the effective limits of the
Petroleum system.
Traps
Prospect types:
Stati-structural prospect
(Entrapment combination of structural &
stratigraphic)
Stratigraphic Prospect:
Stratigraphic Prospect:
Stratigraphic Prospect:
Diagenetic
traps:
This area more
common in carbonate
reservoirs which are
more easily affected
by cementation,
dissolution and
dolomitization. These
post-depositional
processes lead to a
lateral change in
reservoir quality to
acts as the trapping
mechanism
l
e
v
g
a
r
n
t
i
h
r
c
o
r
/
a nd
e
s
s
r
a
e
f
y
b
f
o hl
o
t
m
c
g
a
e
a rou sak - Ch
o
e y
h
t
h
t
r
r
e
fo cov
s
i
d