Sarvendriyanam

nayanam
pradhanamAn introspection.
By:
Dr. Pancha janya Kumar.
Deevi. 1 s t Year P.G.Scholar

Contents

Introduction
Anatomical Aspects
Physiological Aspects
Pathological Aspects
Therapeutics
Social & Preventive Aspects
Literary Aspects
Mythological Aspects
Sympathy Towards Blind
Conclusion

Introduction

It is proved that 80% of knowledge was gain

through vision.

The proverb was not described in Bhrihatrayee .

Vagbhata quoted A man with out vision is like an
Insect( Kudya).

It infers their awareness about importance of eye

in those days.
The remaining all aspects are described in detail.

The proverb was given in Neeti Satakam about

four most important ones in life by chanakya.

Introduction

Sarvasya gatrasya sirah pradhanam

Sarvendriyanam Nayanam Pradhanam
Shannam rasanam lavanam pradhanam
Bhavet paneeyan udakam prdhanam.
Head is important among the body.
Eyes Are Important Among All
Senses.
Salt is important among 6 tastes

water is important among liquids.

Anatomical Aspects
Eye is highly Sensitive Organ in the body eg: A
dust particle create severe irritation.
It is supplied by End Arteries.

It
It
It
It

is continued by Optic Nerve (2nd Cranial Nerve.).

has direct contact with Meningeal Layers Of Brain.
has two Avascular Structures (Cornea & Lens).
is beautiful anatomically.

Anatomical Aspects
In Ayurveda Acharya Susruta described anatomy of
eye in detail
1.Size & Shape
2.Pancha Maha Bhutas Vs. Eye

Anatomical Aspects
3. 7 Dhatus Vs. Eye
Rasa

Eye Lids, Cornea, Tears, Aqueous Humour.

Rakat Vascular Coat Of Eye.

a
Mams Intra And Extra Ocular Muscles.
a
Meda Lens, Vitreous Humour, Fat In The Orbital
s
Cavity.
Asthi

Bones Of Orbital Cavity, Part Of Naso Lacrimal

Duct, Nervous Coat.

Majja

Eye Lashes, Eye Brows, Excreta Of Eye.

Anatomical Aspects
4. Mandala-Sandhi- Patala (Layer-JointSegment)
Mandalas- 5, sandhis-6, patalas-6 in number.
Diseases of mandalas are described separately.
Disease of sandhis are described as a whole.
Patala gata diseases described under vartma gata ,
drishti gata, sandhi gata diseases.
Sadhya- Sadhyata described based on depth of
Patala.eg: linganasa 4th Patala.
Siras to the eye are passages of its pathogens.
Vagbhata says2 siras of foot have their course up
to eye, by which applied sneha reaches to eye.

Physiological Aspects
Eye Works Like A Camera
lids as shutter
Cornea & lens as focusing system
Iris as diaphragm
Choroid as darkened interior
Retina as light sensitive plate of camera respectively.
Visual Path Way Cornea
Aqueous Humour
Pupil
Lens
Vitreous Humour
Retina
Optic Nerve
Optic Chiasma
Optic Tract
Lateral Geniculate Body
Optic Radiations
Visual Cortex.

Physiological Aspects
According to Ayurveda kriya Sharira among the(3x 5
v.p.k.)
15 8 are present in eye.
Vata
Prana- Dharana

Udana- Bala,
Smriti
VyanaUnmesha
Nimesha

Pitta

Kapha

RanjakaTarpakaChromatophores
Aqueous &
Of Iris, Pigmented Vitreous Humor ,
Layer Of Retina.
Tears.
Bhrajaka- Lids,
Cornea, Lens.

SleshmakaBetween 6
Sandhis In Eye

Alochaka - Rods &

Cones Of Retina.

------

Physiological Aspects
The other 4 sense organs depend on vision & its
previous memory to fulfill their functions.
Hear
Smell

Taste

Touch

It Cannot Differentiate With Out

Vision Eg: Tabala/Key Pad
It Cannot Differentiate With Out
Vision Eg: Jasmine Flower / Jasmine
Essence.
It Cannot Differentiate With Out
Vision Eg:
Sweet / Imitations.
It Cannot Differentiate With Out
Vision Eg:
Thorn / Needle.

Pathological Aspects
Eye diseases are more in number than other organs
eg: Susruta-76, Vagbhata -94.
Systemic Diseases shows signs & symptoms in
eye.
1.Fever
Redness & Watering
2.Osteoge Bluish Sclera
nesis
Imperfecta
3.Vit.A
Deficiency

Bitot Spots

4. Syphilis

Argylrobert Son Pupil

5. Hyper
Lipidemia

Xanthelasma

6.
Jaundice

Yellowish
Discoloration Of
Sclera

Pathological Aspects
Eye examination gives a quick diagnosis.
Among Ayurvedic examinations( 3,5,8,)
Darshana pariksha given importance eg:
1. Mutra Pariksha
2. Mala Pariksha

Shapes Of Taila Bindu

Colour, Biounsy

3. Ano Rectal
Examination

Arsho Yantra Veekshana.

4. Twak

Eka Kushta, Sidhma Kushta

etc

Birth
To Death in diagnosis
Darshana
Pariksha
5. Vrana
Srava
Varna ( Colour
Of
plays key role.eg: APGARDischarge)
score, Neurology,
Radiology, Histology.. etc.

Therapeutics
Acharya Susruta said Nidana Parivarjana is the
1st line of treatment.
The eye treatments are very special & effective.
Netra Kriya kalpas- local procedure to eye ,the
medicine is dispersed instantly to the effected eye.

Surgical & Para Surgical treatments depending on

site and stage of disease eg: Arma.
Systemic medications as treatment & prevention eg:
Myopia.

Therapeutics
The Ophthalmic drugs & formulations are having all
4 properties of Oushada.

1. Single
drugs

Agastya Patra, Sigrupatra ,Amalaki .

2. Anjanam
varthi/
gutika

Chandrodaya Varthi, Nayana Sukha

Varthi.

3.
Kashayam

Vasakadi Kashayam, Akshbeejadi

Kashayam.

4. Ghritam

Patoladi Ghritam, Jivantyadi Ghritam.

5. Pancha
therapies
indicated
Tailam Karma
Tiladi
Tailam, Anu
Tailam.in eye diseases as
6.purva
Vati karmas.
Nayanamrita Loham.
Treating Through Eye give good results in some
diseases eg: shira shoola, kamala..etc.

Social & Preventive Aspects

Eye(Vision) plays a vital role in professionals
1. Doctors

For Diagnosing & Treating

2. Engineers

For Planning & Constructing

3. Drivers

To Drive Safely To Destination

4.
Investigator

To Get Clues/ Evidences Pertaining To

Death

5. Soldier

To Safe Guard The Country From Enemies

etc

Drishta Karma- the 3rd important quality of

physician will fulfill only by having good vision.

Social & Preventive Aspects

World is Digitalizing in every field eg: e-schools.
The Pollution & Radiation are increasing .
Preventive Measures to maintain good visionEye
Exercises
Eye Wash
Netra
Rasayana

To Prevent
Adults.

Early

Refractive

Errors

In

To Clean Pathway Of Vision

To Prevent Early Degeneration

Anjanam- Pada
Abhyanga-isSiro
Abhyanga Dinacharya
Periodical Ophthalmic
Consultation
becoming
Padatra Dharana- Chatra Dharana..etc.
mandatory.

Literary Aspects
Eye is the only organ to have a Upanishad by its
name- Chakshushya Upanishad .
Indian writers used eye as a tool to Praise Beauty of
a person eg: Padmaksha
Naming the person with the name of eye eg:
Meenakshi, Sarasijakshi, Kamakshi.
Psychological State of hero /villain was narrated by
the expression of eye eg: Ugra Netrudu, Bashpa
Netrudu.

Literary Aspects
Law include Eye witness as important evidence.

Jesus Christ said eyes are focus lights of brain.

In good qualities of a doctor an Eagle Eye (In
Diagnosis)
was described.

Future Project named with vision eg: vision 2020

Mythological Aspects
The sun is deity of eye by praying & offerings to
him gives good vision.
Lord Siva called by name trinetrudu.
Chanting the names of Aswinis, sukanya, chyavana,
etc sages improves vision.
Getting control over eye one can open Gnana Netra,
they will get Atma gnana & Kala gnana eg:
Vivekananda, Valmiki etc.

Sympathy Towards Blind

INDIA is the 1st Nation started National program
to control blindness in the year 1976.

Sir C.P. Brown who invented Brailey Script for the

welfare of blind persons eg: Civils Winner From
Chennai-Nl Benozephine.

Sympathy Towards Blind

Organizations like Lions club, Red cross..etc are
educating the people about eye care & eye
donation.
The greatest sympathy is Eye Donation, a
person give vision to two blind persons.
The surgery named Keratoplasty is gods gift to
the blind.

Conclusion
The ultimate goal of life is Moksha , is attained by
performing Dharma, Artha & Kama.
The one with Arogya only attain them, for which
one has to become swastha.
Moksha
Prasanna atma
Prasanna indriya
Samadhatu
Samagni

Malakriya

Samtula Ahara & Vihara

Prasanna mana
Samadosha
Vision

Conclusion
Eye is most sensitive & dominant functionally over
other sense organs .
Acting as a diagnostic tool & effected by many
diseases, its important pathologically.
Mutlidimentions in its treatment its important
therapeutically.
One visual gives thousand words of expression.
Sarvatantra sammatatva ( universal acceptance by
all sciences) & Sarva Loka Adhara bhuta (universal
dependence) by having these two characters eye
becomes supreme of all senses.
Sarvendriyanam Nayanam Pradhanam in my
view it should be Sarva Gnanendriyanam
Nayanam Pradhanam.