Distillation Process
Jaramillo Ziga Mario Alberto
Ramrez Lpez Nallely Jacqueline
Flash Distillation
FD is widely used in petroleum refining, in which
fractions are heated in distillers, then the heated fluid
is evaporated instantaneously into waste streams of
vapor and liquid severally.
Fractional Distillation
It is a method for distilling crude oil. By this method pure
fractions and no products are obtained.
Fractional distillation is the most common form of separation
technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and
chemical plants, natural gas processing and cryogenic air
separation plants.
Oil fractionation
In most cases, the distillation is operated at a continuous steady
state. New feed is always being added to the distillation column
and products are always being removed. Unless the process is
disturbed due to changes in feed, heat, ambient temperature, or
condensing, the amount of feed being added and the amount of
product being removed are normally equal. This is known as
continuous, steady-state fractional distillation.
Extractive Distillation
Extractive distillation is defined as distillation
in the presence of a miscible, high boiling,
relatively non-volatile component, the solvent,
that forms no azeotrope with the other
components in the mixture. The method is
used for mixtures having a low value of
relative volatility, nearing unity.
It was found that the polyalcohol PAW modified the water-ethanol azeotropic
behavior as a function of the salt used.
http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/dyna/v74n151/a06v74n151.pdf