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Separation Process I

Distillation Process
Jaramillo Ziga Mario Alberto
Ramrez Lpez Nallely Jacqueline

Flash Distillation
FD is widely used in petroleum refining, in which
fractions are heated in distillers, then the heated fluid
is evaporated instantaneously into waste streams of
vapor and liquid severally.

Flash distillation curve for petroleum


fractions by using commercial simulators
Enrique Eduardo Tarifa, Eleonora Erdmann, Demetrio Humana, Samuel Franco
Domnguez& Lorgio Mercado Fuentes.

This work describes a new method to estimate the equilibrium flash


vaporization distillation curve (EFV) for petroleum fractions by using
commercial simulators. To do that, a steady model for the flash distillation
is implemented in a commercial simulator, and it is fitted by using a
distillation curve obtained from standard laboratory analytical assay
procedures.
http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-56092008000100006
PrintversionISSN0120-5609

Fractional Distillation
It is a method for distilling crude oil. By this method pure
fractions and no products are obtained.
Fractional distillation is the most common form of separation
technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and
chemical plants, natural gas processing and cryogenic air
separation plants.

Oil fractionation
In most cases, the distillation is operated at a continuous steady
state. New feed is always being added to the distillation column
and products are always being removed. Unless the process is
disturbed due to changes in feed, heat, ambient temperature, or
condensing, the amount of feed being added and the amount of
product being removed are normally equal. This is known as
continuous, steady-state fractional distillation.

Extractive Distillation
Extractive distillation is defined as distillation
in the presence of a miscible, high boiling,
relatively non-volatile component, the solvent,
that forms no azeotrope with the other
components in the mixture. The method is
used for mixtures having a low value of
relative volatility, nearing unity.

Production of Anhydrous Ethanol by


Extractive Distillation with Salt Effect

Csar Vsquez, Cristobal Ruiz, Diego Arango, Rosario Caicedo,


Mauricio Snchez, Luis Ros, Gloria Restrepo.

It was found that the polyalcohol PAW modified the water-ethanol azeotropic
behavior as a function of the salt used.

A new extractive distillation industrial process using PAW polyalcohol disolved


salts is proposed; it would modified the relative volatilities of the mixture,
improving separation efficiency, diminishing energy requirements, size and
equipment costs, avoiding solids handling and corrosion which are frecuently
found in conventional separation processes.

http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/dyna/v74n151/a06v74n151.pdf

Printversion ISSN 0012-7353

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