FALL

PROTECTION
AND LADDER
SAFETY

Fall Restraint - prevents fall or

limits the movement of person
Fall Arrest - reduce shock to
the body by shortening the
free fall--it provides more room
for movement of person

Fall Restrain

A proactive approach to
prevent fall from happening
by using
a.Guardrails
b.Hole covers

Fall Restrain
Guardrail system:
Top Rail

Mid Rail

Walking/
Working Surface

200 lbs

150 lbs

50 lbs

42+/- 3

a. Guard Rail System

General Provision in Hoisting
Areas:
During hoisting operations, a chain, gate or
removable guardrail section shall be in place
Prior to removal of the guardrail, the employee
shall be protected by use of a personal fall
arrest system

Leading Edge

b. Covers
Ladderway/Stairway Openings
Shall be guarded on ALL exposed
sides by railing and toeboards in a
manner that a person cannot pass
through it, except at the entrance to
the opening.

b. Covers
Floor Openings
Shall be covered of adequate
strength
Shall be guarded with railings and
toeboard
Ensure no openings more than
2.5cm (1 inch) that are not secured

b. Covers
Wall Openings
Shall be solidly enclosed if:
a. less than 1m from the floor
b. height of at least 75 cm.
c. width of at least 45 cm.
d. there is a drop of more than 2 m.

a. Warning Lines
Also known as Caution Tapes, Yellow
Tapes are used to warn individual of the
surrounding hazards.
It is implied that only authorized personnel
are allowed beyond the warning lines.
Must be placed in advance the danger area

Fall Arrest System

Limits free fall to six feet which
reduces force by decreasing fall
distance
Consists of:
Lanyard
Anchorage Point
Full Body Harness and Webbing Tie
Off
Lifeline

Fall Arrest System

Lanyard
A device made of rope, wire or nylon
strap used to tether the individual to an
anchorage point and stop the individual
in the event of a fall.

Lanyards

Deceleration Devices

Self-retracting Lanyards
Automatically limit freefall distance
to less than two feet

Be capable of sustaining a
minimum tensile load of
3,000 lbs when
fully extended

Fall Arrest System

Lanyards shall:
1. Be inspected prior to use
2. Be protected against being cut
or abraded
3. Have a minimum breaking strength
of 5,000 lbs
4. Be the appropriate length
5. Be attached to an anchorage, not
to itself

Fall Arrest System

Lanyards shall
6. Never be attach where there is a possibility
of disengagement
7. Be ALWAYS with double locking system
8. Be installed as near above the head as
much as possible to avoid swing in the event
of fall
9. Do not loop to anchorage, use adaptor

adaptor

These durable, chemical resistant lanyards include

an inner polyester core that stretches to reduce the
arresting force in the event of a fall. The shock
absorbing lanyards feature a deceleration distance of
42 inches or less.

Fall Arrest System

Lifeline
Can be composed of:
Vertical
Horizontal
depending on the condition and type of
job involved

Lifeline

Lifeline

Lifeline

Fall Arrest System

Notes in the Usage of Lifelines
1. Reduce sagging---it adds to height of free
fall;
2. Anchored to rigid structure that could
withstand 5000 lbs. force;
3. Not too tight that could lead to breakage;
4. Never hook more than one person to it
without determining its capacity first.

Fall Protection
Anchorage Point
A secure point of attachment
for lifelines, lanyards or
deceleration devices.

Anchorage Device

Fall Protection
Anchorage points used for
attachment of personal fall arrest
equipment shall be:
Located at or above the
employees waist
Capable of supporting more than
5,000 lbs per person
Designed and built to hold the maximum force of the fall
arrest

Fall Protection
Full Body Harness:
The attachment point of a body harness is
located in the center of
the wearers back near shoulder level
Body belts are not allowed on site
Snaphooks shall be a double
locking-type

Body Harness

Webbing Tie Off

Fall Arrest System

Care for fall arrest devices:
after a fall arrest, equipment subjected to arresting a
fall will be destroyed to ensure that it is not reused
check for broken threads/fibers/stitches
check for lost of diameter
check metal parts for cracks and corrosion
clean equipment after use with mild soap
air dry equipment, do not hang in direct sunlight
store equipment in a cool, dark, dry and well
ventilated place
inspect the equipment at least twice a year

Fall Arrest System

3 Factors to Consider
1. Use the right
equipment
2. The equipment must be
in perfect condition
3. You know how to use it

Fall Arrest System

4 Components
1. Harness
2. Lanyard
3. Anchorage
4. Lifeline

Other Types of
Fall Arrest
System

When you build a new house,

be sure to put a railing around
the edge of the roof. Then you
will not be responsible if
someone falls off and is killed.

Deuteronomy 22:8

Learning Objectives
Participants will be able to:
Identify safe and unsafe ladder practices
Describe correct practices when
ascending and descending a ladder
Discuss proper setting-up of ladders

Common Causes of Ladder Accident

Over-reaching from ladders, rather than moving them

Standing ladders on boxes, etc., to gain additional height

Too much haste in climbing or descending

Climbing one-handed while carrying something in the other hand

Standing at the very top of a short ladder, rather getting one long
enough for the job

Hanging tools from rudder rungs, or leaving tools on the top of the
stepladder

Throwing tools to a fellow worker on a ladder

Placing the ladder at an improper angle

Using metal ladders in locations where contact with electric wire is

possible

Ladder Types

Straight ladder

Step ladder

Notes on Extension Ladders

at 36 length must have 3 overlap

at 36 48 length must have 4 overlap

at over 48 must have 5 overlap

inspect and test pulleys, springs, rung

locks and ropes

use only as access, not as work platform

Notes on Step Ladders

maximum height must
be limited to 20

never step on the cap

or paint shelf

ensure spreaders are

fully extended and locked

do not use the last two

rungs

cap

paint shelf

Ladder Safety
Always:
Maintain three points of contact with
the ladder at all times

Maintain the center line of your body

between the ladders vertical support
rails while working

Check bottom of shoes and ladder

rungs for grease and dirt

Ladder Safety
Always:

Make sure ladder has non-skid pads

Never transfer from one ladder to another,

go down the ladder and climb to the other
ladder

Ensure only one person on the ladder at a

time

Store ladders on their side or secure with a

chain or cable when stored in
an upright position

Ladder Safety
No matter how quickly a job can be
done, there is always time to fall

SAFE

UNSAFE

In Ladder Safety
Dont:

Do:

overreach from a ladder

move the ladder

use the top two rungs

get a taller ladder

use wood or metal ladders

use fiberglass only

move a ladder while on it

get down and move the ladder

climb with material

use a toolbelt

share a ladder

get a 2nd ladder

Ladder Safety

Always remember the Belt-Buckle Rule

Ladder Safety
Follow the 4:1 rule

4:1 Rule

20 ft.

4
1

5 ft.

Ladder Safety
A minimum of 36 inches overlap
is required

Must be secured at the top

Must have a clear area where the

feet of the ladder will be positioned

Must have area secured with cones

or barrier tape, or have an attendant

Ladder Safety
Follow these four simple steps in
Ladder Safety:
Use the right ladder for the job
Inspect the ladder
Set-up the ladder properly
Follow rules for climbing and
using ladders