CRAFT
(Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique)
The improvement principle of Craft as follows :
1. Evaluates a given layout and then considers what the effect
will be if department locations are interchange.
2. If improvement can be made by making pair wise exchanges,
the exchange producing improvement is made
3. The process continue until no improvement can be made by
pair wise exchanges.
Input Craft
1. Initial Layout and Building Outline
This may consist of either an arbitrary initial layout or an existing layout, whichever is
appropriate. The configuration of the final layout can be significantly affected by the
configuration of the initial layout.
50
30
40
Gambar 1. The Craft input format is shown, where each line represented by a
punched card. The card is punched with with the sequence of letters
representing the various department.
3
In figure 2, one matrix element equals 100 square feet, each row and column equals 10
feet. Given the 4 row and 8 columns, an area of 80 * 40 feet is represented.
A
A
C
C
A
A
C
C
A
A
C
C
A
A
C
C
A
A
D
D
B
B
D
D
B
B
D
D
B
B
D
D
to
from
To
From
Method
Craft computes total materials handling cost for the initial layout by
computing the rectilinear distances between department centroids and
computing the resultant flow *cost * distance matrix.
For example , the rectilinear distance between the centroid coordinate location (X A,YA)
and (XB,YB) equals
X A X B YA YB 25 65 30 30 40
40
25
55
40
65
25
25
65
40
55
25
40
from
To
Total
80
100
220
400
40
65
75
180
50
65
80
195
220
25
245
Total
310
170
165
375
1020
From
As can be seen the new centroid coordinates for departments A and B are
(XA,YA) = (55, 30)
40
65
25
40
25
55
65
25
40
25
55
40
10
Total
80
260
100
440
40
25
165
230
130
25
80
235
100
55
155
Total
270
160
285
345
1060
From
11
Dept A
Dept C
Dept D
Dept B
12
Since B and D are not the same size, we notice that department D is no longer
rectangularly shaped and that the department centroids were not exchanged exactly.
Rather a short calculation shows that
(XA,YA) = (25, 30) (XC, YC) = (20, 10)
(XB,YB) = (55,10)
Due to the change of the centroid locations, the distance chart for the new layout needs
to be recomputed (see figure 11). On the multiplying the flow values of figure 3 and the
distance values in figure 11, we obtain a total cost of 985, rather the estimated cost of
945.
50
25
47.5
50
35
27.5
25
35
62.5
47.5
27.5
62.5
to
from
13
(XA,YA) = (49,18)
(XB,YB) = (15,30)
The estimated cost for this layout is 945; computation of the actual cost, however, yield
a value 969.
Applying the pair wise interchange on the second improved layout indicates K and D
should be interchanged. The estimated cost is 927 for exchange of K and D. K and D
have the same area, their centroids will be exchange exactly and the true total cost14will
Dept C
Dept A
15