ALKANES
Functional Groups
Functional Groups:
Multiple CarbonCarbon Bonds
Groups)
Alkane Isomers
Constitutional Isomers
Isomers that differ in how their atoms are arranged in chains are called
constitutional isomers
Compounds other than alkanes can be constitutional isomers of one
another
They must have the same molecular formula to be isomers
Condensed Structures of
Alkanes
CH3CH2CH2CH3 (butane)
CH3(CH2)2CH3 (butane)
Structural formulas
Alkyl Groups
* There is no 4 hydrogen
Naming Alkanes
Reactivity of Alkanes
Physical Properties of
Alkanes
Conformations of Ethane
Conformers
Torsional Strain
Conformations of Other
Alkanes
Conformations of Other
Alkanes
Conformational situation is more complex for larger
alkanes
Not all staggered conformations have same energy, and
not all eclipsed conformations have same energy
Conformations of Butane
Steric Strain
Answer
The safest approach to answer this question would
be to draw out all straight-chain isomers, then
proceed next to the simplest branched structures
and so on.
1-butanol
2-butanol