Test on the Mean of a Normal

Distribution, Variance Known

Prepared by: Risselle B.

Edullantes

 We consider the hypothesis testing about

the mean of a single normal population
where the variance of the population
is
known.
Mean- the expected value of a random
variable or to the arithmetic average of a
set of data.
Variance- a measure of variability
defined as the expected value of the
square of the random variable around its
mean. Standard deviation is the positive
square root of the variance.

Tests in Hypothesis Testing

One-tailed test- a
statistical test in which
the critical area of a
distribution is one-sided
so that it is either greater
than or less than a
certain value, but not
both. If the sample that is
being tested falls into the
one-sided critical area,
the alternative
hypothesis will be
accepted instead of
thenull hypothesis.

Tests in Hypothesis Testing

Two-tailed test- a
statistical test in which
the critical area of a
distribution is two sided
and tests whether a
sample is either greater
than or less than a certain
range of values. If the
sample that is being
tested falls into either of
the critical areas, the
alternative hypothesis will
be accepted instead of
thenull hypothesis.

Two Types of Hypotheses

Null Hypothesis, Ho- a type of hypothesis
used
in
statistics
that
proposes
that
nostatistical significanceexists in a set of
given observations. The null hypothesis
attempts to show that no variation exists
between variables.
Alternative Hypothesis, H1- a type of
hypothesis used in statistics that proposes
thatstatistical significanceexists in a set of
given observations.

Steps in Hypothesis
Testing

Steps
in
Hypothesis
Testing
Critical Value
Approach

P-Value Approach

1. State the null and alternative

hypotheses and identify the
claim.
2. Decide on the level of
significance .
3. Compute the value of the
test statistic. (z)
4. Determine the critical
value(s).
5. If the value of the test
statistic falls in the rejection
region, reject Ho; otherwise
do not reject Ho.
6. Interpret the results of the
hypothesis test.

1. State the null and

alternative hypotheses
and identify the claim.
2. Decide on the level of
significance .
3. Compute the value of the
test static. (z)
4. Determine the p-value.
5. If p<
, reject Ho;
otherwise, do not reject
H o.
6. Interpret the results of the
hypothesis test.

Sample Problem 1
The monthly rainfall (mm) were
recorded at a station for a year. The
mean rainfall must be 12 mm. The
standard deviation is
= 7.229.
The researcher decides to specify a
significance level of
= 0.05 and
obtains a sample average monthly
rainfall of
= 11.58 mm. What
conclusions could be drawn?

Critical Value Approach

0.201

p-Value Approach

0.201

Sample Problem 2
For a typical catchment, the run off
(mm) data were observed in the
month of July for 10 years. The mean
= 19.889 mm and the standard
deviation
= 0.75. The researcher
claims that the mean run off data
must be greater than 20 mm. What
conclusions should be drawn?

Critical Value Approach

p-Value Approach

 Thank you. :)