Engineering Design

Product Design Process

The four Cs of Design

Creativity:
Requires the creation of something that has not existed before
or not existed in the designers mind before
Complexity:
Requires decisions on many variables and parameters
Choice:
Requires making choices between many possible solutions at
all levels, from basic concepts to smallest detail
Compromise:
Requires balancing multiple and sometimes conflicting
requirements

Static vs. Dynamic Products

Static:
Changes in design concept take place over a long period
of time; rather incremental changes occur at the subsystem
and component levels
Automobiles, Refrigerators, Dishwashers
Dynamic:
Change the basic design concept fairly frequently as the
underlying technology changes
Computers, Telecommunications, Software

The design Process

General
Information
Specific
Information

Design
Process

Outcome
NO

Evaluate

YES

Scientific vs. Design Method

Existing
Knowledge

State of the
Art

Scientific
Curiosity

Identification
of need

Hypothesis
Logical
Analysis
Proof

Scientific Method

Conceptualization

Feasibility
Analysis
Production
Design Method

Problem Solving Methodology

Definition of the Problem
Gathering of Information
Generation of Alternative Solutions
Evaluation of Alternatives
Communication of the Results

Considerations of good Design

Design Requirements
Life Cycle Issues
Regulatory and Social Issues

I. Conceptual Design
Define Problem:
Problem Statement
Benchmarking
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Product Design Specification (PDS)

I. Conceptual Design
Gather Information:
Internet
Patents
Trade
Literature

I. Conceptual Design
Concept Generation:
Brainstorming
Functional
Decomposition
Morphological Chart

I. Conceptual Design
Evaluation of Concepts:
Pugh Concept Selection
Decision Matrix

II. Embodiment Design

Product Architecture:
Arrangement of Physical Elements to
carry out Function

II. Embodiment Design

Configuration Design:
Preliminary Selection of Parts and Materials
Modeling and Sizing of Parts

II. Embodiment Design

Parametric Design:
Robust Design
Tolerances
Final Dimensions
Design for Manufacturability (DFM)

III. Detail Desigm

Detail Design:
Detailed Drawings
Detailed Specification

IV. Planning for Manufacture

Designing Specific Tools and Fixtures
Specifying the Production Plant and Production Lines
Planning the Work Schedule and Inventory Control
Planning the Quality Assurance System
Establishing the Standard Time and Labor Costs
Establishing the System Information Flow

V. Planning for Distribution

Shipping Package
Documentation
Shelf Life
Warehouses

VI. Planning for Use

Maintenance
Reliability
Product Safety
Convenience in Use (Human Factors)
Aesthetic Appeal
Economy of Operation
Duration of Service

VII. Planning for Retirement

Useful Life
Deterioration
Technical Obsolescence
Fashion or Taste
Environmental Issues
Industrial Ecology Green Design
RFI
Power Consumption

Marketing
Marketing Creates and Manages the companys
Relationship with its Customers
Marketing Translates Customer Needs into Product
Requirements
Marketing Defines Support Services
Marketing Studies How Customers Make Buying
Decisions
Marketing and Sales are Different

Marketing
Early Adopters
Mainstream Adopters
Laggards

Market Research
Define the Market Segment
Identify the Early Adopters
Identify Competitive Products
Establish the Market Size ($)
Determine the Breadth of Product Line
Determine the Product Price / Volume Relationship
Establish the Customer Needs and Wants