Identify the muscles of the neck and indicate their major actions and sources of

innervation. Indicate the relationship of each of the muscle groups to the layers of
deep fascia in the neck.

Posterior cervical triangle

Anterior triangles

Suprahyoid
muscles

Infrrahyoid
muscles

Trapezius

Sternocleidomastoid

Investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Pretracheal fascia
(visceral part)

Carotid
sheath

T
E

Sternocleidomastoid

Pretracheal
fascia
(muscular
part)
Prevertebral muscles
Alar fascia

Buccopharyngeal
fascia
Prevertebral fascia

Trapezius

Deep Cervical Fascia

Scalene muscles

Identify the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles and their anterior attachments to
bony/cartilaginous structures. Identify the three small longitudinal muscles of the pharynx.

Buccinator

Superior constrictor
Stylopharyngeus
Middle constrictor
Pterygomandibular
raphe

Stylopharyngeus
Superior constrictor
Middle constrictor
Inferior constrictor

Inferior constrictor
Cricopharyngeus
Cricopharyngeus

Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus

Identify the major cartilages of the larynx

Epiglottis

Epiglottis

Hyoid

Hyoid

Thyroid cart.

Thyroid cart.
Arytenoid
cart.

Arytenoid
cart.

Cricoid cart.

Anterior view

Vocal Cord

Cricoid cart.

Posterior view

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Sagittal Section

and the muscles which bring about their movement.

Arytenoideus
Cricothyroid

Posterior
Crico-arytenoid
Thyro-arytenoid
Lateral
Crico-arytenoid
Cricothyroid

Lateral view

Lateral view
(deeper)

Posterior view

Identify the role played by each of these muscles in the control of the control of the
size of the rima glottidis.
Post. Crico-arytenoid

Lat. Crico-arytenoid

Arytenoid cart.
Rima glottidis

Arytenoid cart
Aryepiglottic fold
Rima glottidis

Vocal cord

Vocal cord
Thyroid cart.

Thyroid cart.

Arytenoideus

Actions of intrinsic laryngeal muscles

http://www.voice-center.com/voice_mecha.html

Follow the course of sensory and motor innervation of the larynx. Predict the functional
consequences of damage to these nerves.

Trace the course of nerves through the neck noting especially: the sensory and motor branches
of the cervical and brachial plexuses, their course and distribution in the neck and their
relationship to major bony, muscular, or vascular landmarks in the region.
Great auricular n.
Hypoglossal n. (XII)
Great auricular n.

C1

Lesser occipital n.

C2

Lesser
occipital
n.

Transverse
cervical
nn.

C3
C4
Accessory n. (XI)

Ansa cervicalis

C5

Hypoglossal n. (XII)
Supraclavicular nn.

Accessory n. (XI)
Phrenic n.

Ansa cervicalis

C5
Dorsal scapular n.

Vagus n. (X)

C6

Nn. to longus colli and scalenes

C7

Suprascapular n.

C8
Phrenic n.

T1

Long thoracic n.

Trace the course of nerves through the neck noting especially: the extension of the
upper part of the sympathetic trunk into the neck region.

Vagus (X)
C1
Sup. Cervical gang.
C2
C3
Carotid plexus
C4
Middle
C5
Cervical gang.
C6
C7
Cervicothoracic
C8
gang.

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Trace the flow of arterial blood from the aorta through the neck including vessels that pass
through the neck without branching and those that send branches to viscera and muscles of
the neck.

Two main arteries are found in the neck: Subclavian and branches and Carotid
Vertebral
Deep cervical

Post.
auricular

Superficial temporal
Maxillary

Ascending
cervical
Transverse
cervical

Inf. thyroid

Facial

Int.
carotid

Digastric
Lingual

Thyrocervical

Ext. carotid
Sup. thyroid
Sup. laryngeal

Suprascapular
Ascending
pharyngeal

Omohyoid

Common carotid

Subclavian

Ext. Carotid

Trace the pathways for venous drainage from the neck into the brachial veins.

Sup. thyroid

Ext. jugular

Int. jugular
Middle
thyroid

Inf. thyroid
Ant. jugular