MR Shirish Garud Potential of CSP in India

Potential of CSP in
India
Shirish Garud,
Fellow and Area Convenor,
TERI
29th July 2009 ASSOCHAM South Asia Renewable Energy Conference, New Delhi
Outline
 Why India Needs CSP
• Indian Energy scenario
• Global trends
• Climate Change Action Plan
 Solar Resource
 Potential for CSP in India
• Grid Connected Large Scale
• Distributed
 Way Forward
 Why India Needs CSP
• Indian Energy scenario
• Global trends
• Climate Change Action Plan
Electricity fuel mix
29%
Coal 10%
52% R ES 23% 1,141
2,944MW
MW
34% 10,897 MW
78
71%
90%
%
39,222 MW
D ie se l 7,231 MW
9,755
Nu cle a r G as
1%
3% 10%
RE S G as Nuc lear Dies el Coal

Other RE
Wind
Total installed capacity as Hydro
on 31.3.2009 is 148265.4
29 July 2009
th
ASSOCHAM South Asia Renewable Energy Conference, New Delhi
Energy supply
 Coal
• Major energy source.
 Biomass
• Primary source of cooking energy in > 80%
rural households.
 Electricity
• All India average shortage ~ 11.6 %
• Peak Load supply shortage ~ 15 %
• Base Load supply shortage ~ 9 %
 Energy security concern
• Around 75 % of the petroleum supply is
imported
• Even coal is being imported
…Energy supply
 Poor electrification status
• 78 million households (44%) in the
country do not have access to electricity
• 1,25,000 villages are un-electrified
• Electricity supply situation is generally
poor in even electrified villages
10th Plan (2002-2007)
performance
SECTOR THERMAL (MW) HYDRO (MW) NUCLEAR (MW) TOTAL (MW)
Target Achieved Target Achieved Target Achieved Target Achieved
Central 12790.00 6590.00 8742.00 4495.00 1300 1180.00 22832.00 12265.00
State 6676.00 3553.64 4481.00 2691.00 0.00 0.00 11157.00 6244.64
Private 5951.00 1970.60 1170.00 700.00 0.00 0.00 7121.00 2670.60
Total 25417.00 12114.24 14393.00 7886.00 1300.00 1180.00 41110.00 21180.24
Achievement 51.5% of the target
Import dependence
Fuel Scenario 2001/02 2011/12 2021/22 2031/32
Coal BAU 4% 9% 49% 72%
Energy efficient 4% 10% 52% 64%
Oil BAU 69% 65% 74% 88%
Gas BAU 0% 17% 34% 34%
Source: TERI study
Estimated growth in electricity generation
capacity (2006-2031)
1200000
Installed Capacity (MW)
1000000
7% GDP growth
800000 8% GDP growth
600000
400000
200000
0
2006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031
Source: Planning Commission, 2005

Energy mix under alternative
scenarios
Percentage distribution of primary commercial energy supply-
2031
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Reference Evolution Resolution Ambition
Sce narios
Coal Natural Gas Oil Hydro Nuclear Renewables
National Solar Mission
 Proposed targets
• 20 GW by 2020
• 100 GW by 2030 or 10-12% of total
power generation capacity estimated for
that year
• 4-5GW of installed solar manufacturing
capability by 2017
Global investments in renewable energy
Billion Dollars
Investments in
Source: REN21, 2009
solar PV 32%
(US$38.4 billion)
Global scenario in RE
development
All countries taking bold action in promoting
and installing RE systems
• EU: target of 20% energy from renewables by
2020
• Australia: target of 20% energy (GWh of
electricity) from renewables by 2020
• China: 15% RE in energy mix by 2020, 30% or
more by 2050
• USA: in the process of finalising a 20% target to
be achieved by 2020 - RE (15%) & EE (5%)
India needs to be ambitious in setting a
target (in terms of GWh, not GW)
Solar Resource in India
 5 trillion kWh/year theoretical potential
 Sunny areas
• Most of the country receives more than
4kWh/m2 /day
• More than 300 sunny days in the most part of
the country
 Potential being mapped by IMD, and few
other institutes.
 IMD, MNRE has published solar energy
resource handbook
•
Solar radiation map of India
If one percent of the

land is used to
harness solar energy
for electricity
generation at an
overall efficiency of
10%; 492 x 106
MU/year electricity
can be generated
Government initiatives
 GBI (Generation Based incentives)
for Solar power projects (2008)
 Solar Mission under National Action
Plan for Climate Change
 GBIs and incentive schemes from
state governments
CSP worldwide
 More than 10 different technology
combinations
 More than 400MW installed capacity
 More than 8GW installed capacity projects
announced
Role India can play
 Global hub for manufacturing CSP
 Global test facilities
• Different climatic conditions
• Abundant sunlight
• Technical man power
 Large scale Power plants
• 4-5 GW by 2020 is easily possible
• Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
MP, Haryana , Tamilnadu, AP potential states
What India should do
 Government
• Back up the plans with realistic and strong policy
push
 Solar plants and manufacturing base development
 Low cost financing and fiscal incentives
• Industry
 Move fast to develop manufacturing capability
 Develop R & D base
 Appropriate technology adaptation
• Financing and insurance institutions
 Low cost financing
 Risk mitigation instruments for solar plants
Suggestions to move forward
 Strong long term policy initiative
 Support to various promising technologies
• Cost should not be barrier in initial projects
 National Plan for large scale solr power
development
• Solar Park concept
• Solar CSP test facilities in atleast two locations
• Incentives for industries to develop sub-
components (e.g.mirrors, Coatings,
Structures)
• Indigenous technology development
Suggestions to move forward
 Long term low cost finance for
capital investments
 RE targets for Distribution agencies
can be enhanced
 RE targets for industries, Gencos?
TERI’s activities
 Feasibility studies for solar power plants
• Two projects under finalisation
 Institutional Expertise in
• Simulations
• Solar radiation analysis
• Development of technologies,
• Strong R & D capabilities
 Think tank for the Government
 Working on solar park concept
A technological society has two choices. First it can wait until
catastrophic failures expose systemic deficiencies, distortion and
Be the change you want to see in the world
self-deceptions…
Secondly, a culture can provide social checks and balances to
correct
29 for systemic distortion
July 2009
th
prior
ASSOCHAM South to
Asiacatastrophic failures.New Delhi
Renewable Energy Conference,
Thank you!!!
Contact:
 shirishg@teri.res.in
 shirish.garud@reeep.org
 Cell- 09811602069
 www.teriin.org

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Potential of CSP in

RE S G as Nuc lear Dies el Coal

Central 12790.00 6590.00 8742.00 4495.00 1300 1180.00 22832.00 12265.00

State 6676.00 3553.64 4481.00 2691.00 0.00 0.00 11157.00 6244.64

Private 5951.00 1970.60 1170.00 700.00 0.00 0.00 7121.00 2670.60

Total 25417.00 12114.24 14393.00 7886.00 1300.00 1180.00 41110.00 21180.24

Achievement 51.5% of the target

Coal BAU 4% 9% 49% 72%

Energy efficient 4% 10% 52% 64%

Oil BAU 69% 65% 74% 88%

Energy efficient 69% 61% 48% 76%

Gas BAU 0% 17% 34% 34%

Energy efficient 0% 22% 34% 34%

Source: TERI study

Source: Planning Commission, 2005

Coal Natural Gas Oil Hydro Nuclear Renewables

If one percent of the

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